Journal of English Language and Education
Journal of English Language and Education (pISSN: 2597-6850 and eISSN: 2502-4132) is a journal on researching or documenting issues in education, language education, applied linguistics, English education, English language teaching, English Literature, language assessment and evaluation. It is published by Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai is indexed in Google Scholar and Supported by Relawan Jurnal Indonesia (RJI). This journal has published six times a year. We accept original research, conceptual, and best practice articles . It is important to bear in mind that the official language of the journal is English. This Journal is published in February, April, June, August, September, November, and December
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Unlocking Vocabulary Potential: Student Perceptions of Wordwall Games
While existing research on Wordwall frequently prioritizes pedagogical perspectives or quantitative test outcomes, the subjective experiences of learners remain underexplored. This qualitative descriptive study investigates how Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) young learners perceive and experience Wordwall gamification within the vocabulary learning process. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with six eighth-grade students in Garut. The findings indicate that learners demonstrated a strong understanding of the platform, resulting in increased motivation and active participation. Observational data confirm that students exhibit higher focus and collaboration during gameplay compared to traditional sessions. Despite minor technical constraints, this study concludes that Wordwall successfully fosters an engaging, technology-supported learning environment aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum goals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Femi munatuz zulfa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Language Variations in the Comment Column of 'The Face Temulawak' Content on Tiktok Account @Emang His Name Dilan
This study aims to describe the forms of language variations found in the comment column on The Face Temulawak content on the TikTok account Emang is called Dilan. The development of digital technology, especially TikTok, plays a key factor that encourages changes in the way of language in society. Language variations arise due to social factors and related to conditions that make language variations on social media more diverse today, especially in the TikTok application. In addition, the public is free to comment so that new languages can emerge that are not standard. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method, with sociolinguistic studies. The data source consists of comments collected from the social media platform of the Emang account named Dilan. This research method applies the technique of watching and taking notes. The findings of this study reveal that there are variations, namely the variation of the slang there are 9 data, the variation of the abbreviation language there are 10 data, and the variation of the Indoglish language has 9 data.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diyana Apriliya, Asropah Asropah, Setia Naka Andrian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Qur’anic Literacy of Indonesian Diaspora Students in Medina through International Community Service of Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Students
Correct Qur’anic reading is a foundational religious obligation for Muslim children and a key element in character formation, particularly within diaspora contexts where access to structured religious education is limited. While studies on Qur’anic literacy are well established, empirical research examining the pedagogical contribution of university students to Qur’anic learning among Indonesian diaspora children in the Middle East remains scarce. This study addresses this gap by analyzing the role of KKNI students from the Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah North Sumatra, in enhancing the Qur’an reading skills of fourth-grade Indonesian diaspora students in Madinah. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were gathered through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, reading performance assessments, and documentation. The findings indicate that structured mentoring, the application of the talaqqi method, and sustained motivational support contributed to measurable improvements in reading fluency, accuracy of makharijul huruf, and adherence to tajwid rules. These results highlight the strategic function of KKNI students not merely as instructional assistants but as facilitators of context-sensitive Qur’anic learning. The study concludes that university student engagement can play a significant role in strengthening Qur’anic literacy and religious character development among Indonesian diaspora learners.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rajesta Sinulingga, Abd. Rahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Educational Tiktok Supporting English Vocabulary Mastery: a Case Study at MA Muhammadiyah Limpung
This research aims to explore the use of TikTok content with educational value in supporting students' mastery of English vocabulary in the English Club of MA Muhammadiyah Limpung. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through pretest–posttest tests, semi-structured interviews, and observations. Test data were analyzed descriptively to describe changes in vocabulary mastery, while qualitative data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results showed an increase in the average score of students from a pretest of 56.4 to a posttest of 78.9. The findings of interviews and observations revealed that TikTok helps students understand the meaning of vocabulary through context, improves pronunciation through the process of imitation, and encourages the use of vocabulary in simple communication. In addition, students show a positive perception of TikTok because learning feels more relaxed and accessible, thus increasing learning engagement. However, the distraction of non-educational content and variations in content quality are obstacles that require pedagogical assistance. This study concludes that TikTok has the potential to be a supporting medium for vocabulary learning in a non-formal context if used in a targeted manner and combined with language practice activities.
Copyright (c) 2026 saiful risqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship between Students’ Cultural Habits, Hearsay Exposure, and the Importance of English
English plays a crucial role as a global language; however, students’ perceptions of its importance are shaped by their sociocultural environment. In addition to cultural habits reflected in daily community practices, students are also influenced by hearsay exposure, defined as repeated informal messages or opinions about English transmitted through family, peers, and community discourse. Previous studies have largely examined cultural or social belief factors separately, leaving limited understanding of their combined influence. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between students’ cultural habits, hearsay exposure, and their perceived importance of English at SMA Negeri 1 Lahewa. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 96 eleventh-grade students through a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression. The findings revealed that both cultural habits and hearsay exposure significantly correlated with students’ perceived importance of English, both individually and simultaneously. These variables collectively explained a substantial proportion of variance in students’ perceptions. The study highlights that students’ evaluations of English are socially constructed and underscores the need for culturally responsive English teaching that addresses prevailing community narratives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Khafifah Shaleh N. Cui https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Content Analysis of Listening Activities in An Indonesian EFL English Textbook: Alignment with The Authenticity
This study investigates the types of listening activities and the extent to which they reflect authenticity in the Indonesian EFL textbook Bahasa Inggris untuk SMA/SMK/MAK Kelas 10 A published by Intan Pariwara. Through content analysis, the study identifies the distribution of listening activity types and examines the level of authenticity in both tasks and texts. The findings reveal that selective listening is the most dominant type, while extensive listening is absent. In terms of authenticity, most tasks and texts are semi-authentic, with limited fully authentic materials. These results indicate that the textbook emphasizes controlled and form-focused listening practice, offering limited opportunities for learners to engage with real-life spoken English. The study highlights the need for more diverse and authentic listening inputs to better support students’ communicative competence in EFL contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karisma Febriani, Sundari Purwaningsih, Lystiana Nurhayat Hakim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Intercultural Sensitivity for Bullying Prevention in Multiethnic Classrooms: A Cultural Study at Sembilanbelas November University
Bullying in multiethnic classrooms remains a persistent challenge, particularly in educational settings where cultural diversity is not always supported by strong intercultural understanding. Previous studies have widely emphasized the importance of intercultural sensitivity for promoting inclusive learning environments; however, there is limited empirical research that examines how intercultural sensitivity is experienced and enacted in everyday classroom interactions as a mechanism for bullying prevention in higher education contexts. This study aims to explore how intercultural sensitivity contributes to bullying prevention within the culturally diverse classrooms of Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through in depth interviews with students and lecturers from multiple ethnic backgrounds. The findings reveal that intercultural sensitivity supports bullying prevention by reducing stereotyping, enhancing empathy, and encouraging more respectful and constructive peer interactions. The study concludes that strengthening intercultural sensitivity is a crucial cultural approach for fostering safer and more inclusive multiethnic classroom environments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hariadi Syam, Syarifuddin Dollah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Building the Foundation of Education through Learning Philosophy and Theory: A Study on Strengthening the Educational Function of Libraries
Quality education requires a solid philosophical and theoretical foundation. Educational philosophy provides the normative direction and values of education, while learning theories offer empirical guidance for designing effective and learner-centered instruction. This study examines how both perspectives strengthen educational foundations through optimizing the educational role of libraries in the digital era. Using a descriptive qualitative literature review supported by findings from the Darul Ma’arif Al Insan Foundation, the study reveals that philosophy shapes educational orientation, whereas learning theories guide practical instructional strategies. Their integration reinforces libraries as active learning centers that promote information literacy, character development, independent learning, and lifelong learning. Libraries managed in alignment with philosophical principles and learning theories—through relevant collections, adaptive services, and supportive environments—can enhance their function as non-formal educational institutions. Thus, educational philosophy and learning theories are strategic components in building an adaptive and sustainable education system in the context of digital transformation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmatan Lil Alamin, Adelia Putri Febriyanti, Eka Firmansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Sociology Teachers in Boyolali Regency
Twenty-first century education emphasizes the integration of technology as a key requirement in the implementation of Sociology learning. The relevant framework for responding to this requirement is Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). This study aims to analyze the implementation of TPACK in Sociology learning in Boyolali Regency Senior High Schools using the SWOT analysis approach. The research data were analyzed based on the aspects of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to find the right strategy using the SWOT matrix. The results of the analysis show that teachers' fairly good understanding of TPACK with a variety of technology uses and school facility support are the main strengths. However, limitations in teachers' technological competence, limitations in the devices used, and dependence on the internet network are still obstacles. Government support and teachers' freedom to innovate are opportunities that can be utilized to support the optimization of Sociology learning with the TPACK framework. Meanwhile, misuse of technology, student distractions, and dynamic education policies are threats that need to be addressed. These findings indicate that the implementation of TPACK in the Sociology learning process still requires strengthening teachers' competencies and sustainable policies so that Sociology learning can run effectively.
Siany Indria Liestyasari Siany Liestyasari
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Rohmah Nur Rohmah, Siany Indria Liestyasari Siany Liestyasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Postcolonial Study of Native American Marginalization in Wapiti Reservation, Red Dead Redemption 2
Although Red Dead Redemption 2 has been widely praised for its historical realism and narrative depth, limited studies have critically examined how Indigenous voices are represented and whether they can truly “speak” within its narrative framework. This study analyzes the representation of Indigenous oppression through the fictional Wapiti tribe in the video game Red Dead Redemption 2 (RDR2). The tribe mirrors real Native American experiences of forced displacement, military violence, and cultural erasure. Using Gayatri Spivak’s postcolonial concept of the subaltern and a qualitative descriptive method, the research examines six key missions depicting the Wapiti tribe’s suffering and resistance. Data were collected through gameplay observation, including screenshots, dialogue transcripts, and narrative field notes. The analysis applies Spivak’s question of whether the subaltern can truly “speak” to explore how Indigenous voices are mediated and silenced within the game’s narrative framework. The findings reveal that RDR2 portrays both structural and symbolic oppression, where the Wapiti Reservation operates as a postcolonial space of erasure, surveillance, and control. Overall, this study contributes to American Studies by highlighting how digital media reproduces colonial ideologies and marginalizes Indigenous identity within contemporary popular culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hanung Falakh Salsabia, Yusrina Dinar Prihatika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Importance of English in Tourism industry: Vocational High School Students' Perception
English proficiency plays a crucial role in preparing vocational high school students for careers in the tourism sector. However, discrepancies still exist between classroom instruction and workplace demands. This study aims to explore students’ perceptions of the importance of English in the tourism industry and factors influencing these perceptions. Using a qualitative descriptive research design, data were collected through open ended questionnaires and semi interviews with twelfth grade students of the Tourism Department at SMK Airlangga. The data were analyzed through organizing, coding, categorizing, and interpreting emerging themes. The findings indicate that students generally perceive English as an essential skill for communicating with foreign tourists and supporting future employment in tourism related fields. Internal factors such as motivation and self confidence, along with external factors including school learning activities, contribute to shaping students’ perceptions. The study concludes that contextual and application-based English instruction is necessary to align vocational education with tourism workplace requirements.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nawang Fadia Ismi Aulia, Lailatul Musyarofah, Endah Alamsari Andayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Information Processing in the Formation of Students' Morals: Cognitive-Behavior Perspectives and Qur'anic Values
Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Indonesia have long been recognized as indigenous educational institutions that play a strategic role in shaping individuals with strong moral and religious character. This study aims to analyze the mechanism of moral character formation among pesantren students through the integration of Information Processing Theory, the Cognitive-Behavior perspective, and Qur’anic values. The research employs a qualitative library research approach focusing on conceptual analysis and theoretical synthesis rather than field-based numerical data. Data sources consist of primary references such as the Qur’an and authoritative works in cognitive and educational psychology, supported by secondary sources including accredited journals and classical as well as contemporary Qur’anic commentaries. Data were collected through systematic documentation and analyzed using descriptive content analysis following the interactive model of Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman. The findings reveal that moral formation in pesantren is not an instant or mystical process, but a structured cognitive-spiritual mechanism involving attention, encoding, storage, and retrieval of moral information reinforced by repetition, modeling, and reflective practices. The Cognitive-Behavior framework underscores the significant role of the kyai as a living model shaping students’ belief systems and behavioral schemas, while Qur’anic concepts such as tadabbur, tazkiyatun nafs, and muraqabah function as metacognitive and spiritual control mechanisms. Theoretically, this study contributes by proposing an integrative conceptual model that bridges modern cognitive psychology and Islamic educational thought, demonstrating that moral character formation can be systematically explained through information-processing architecture enriched by cognitive-behavioral constructs and grounded in Qur’anic epistemology. This model extends the application of Information Processing Theory beyond academic learning into the domain of moral education, recontextualizes Cognitive-Behavior principles within a faith-based institutional setting, and offers a multidisciplinary framework for understanding character education as a structured cognitive-spiritual process. The study concludes that pesantren education represents an integrated cognitive-spiritual ecosystem that systematically cultivates sustainable moral character.
Copyright (c) 2026 Samiro Manan, Muhammad Nasrullah, Sumaji Sumaji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategies of Islamic Religious Education Teachers (PAI) in Improving the Literacy and Writing of the Qur'an for Grade 4c Students of Elementary School Integrated Islamic Scholars Bau Bau Bau City
This research aims to systematically describe the instructional strategies implemented by Islamic Education (PAI) teachers to improve Qur’an reading and writing skills among fourth-grade students at SD Islam Terpadu Insan Cendekia, Baubau City. Qur’anic literacy is a fundamental competence in Islamic Education because the Qur’an serves as the primary source of Islamic teachings that encompass faith, morality, and character development; therefore, mastery of Qur’an reading and writing at the elementary level is essential to support students’ religious character formation and understanding of Islamic values in daily life. Preliminary observations at the research site indicated that some students had not yet achieved fluency in reading the Qur’an, as evidenced by inaccurate pronunciation of Arabic letters, limited understanding of tajwid rules, and low recitation fluency, highlighting the need for structured, systematic, and continuous instructional strategies. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis design, involving Islamic Education teachers and fourth-grade students as participants. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that PAI teachers implement a range of instructional strategies, including the application of Qur’an reading and writing (BTQ) methods, regular Qur’an reading habituation, gradual and repetitive practice, and the use of supportive learning media to create a positive learning environment and enhance student motivation. These strategies have a positive impact on students’ learning outcomes, as reflected in improved reading fluency, better understanding of tajwid rules, and increased interest in learning the Qur’an. Consequently, the study concludes that the instructional strategies applied by Islamic Education teachers play a crucial role in improving the quality of Qur’anic literacy learning at the elementary school level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sitti Nurhaliza, Sulasri Sulasri, La Ode Sahrin Djalia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Inquiry-Based Learning on Students’ Writing Skills at Senior High School 1 Kampar Utara
Writing is a productive skill that involves expressing thoughts and ideas effectively in written form. However, mastering writing in English is often challenging. At SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Utara, students still face difficulties in developing clear and coherent text. It has been observed that the students struggle to organize ideas and construct well-structured writing. One of the contributing factors to these writing difficulties is the reliance on conventional teaching methods, such as the expository teaching method which tend to be teacher-centered, and result in low writing skill achievement. This study aims to investigate the effect of inquiry based learning on students' writing skill at SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Utara. Employing a quantitative quasi-experimental design, the research involved 52 students selected through a total sampling technique. The participants were divided into two groups : Class XI-1 as the experimental group class (26 students) and the Class XI-2 as the control group class (26 students). The sampling technique used was total sampling. The instrument of the research was writing test, data were collected though pre-test and post-test. The data analysis techniques include normality testing,homogeneity, and T-tests. The independent samples t-test obtained a t-value of 2.863 > t-table 2.009 with significant value of p = 0.006 < 0.05, then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. These findings demonstrate that IBL produced a statistically significant effect on writing skill compared to the expository teaching method. Thus, inquiry-based learning significantly enhances students' writing skill at SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Utara.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yola Rosa Lina, Amir Luthfi, Hannisa Haris https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating Democratic Values into Extracurricular Activities as a Practice of Students Political Education at Senior High School 6 Gorontalo
Pendidikan demokrasi memainkan peran strategis dalam membentuk warga negara yang aktif, kritis, dan partisipatif, namun praktik di sekolah masih didominasi oleh pendekatan kurikuler formal yang berorientasi kognitif. Kesenjangan antara tujuan normatif pendidikan demokrasi dan pengalaman praksis siswa menuntut studi yang menempatkan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler sebagai ruang pembelajaran politik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola dan faktor pengintegrasian nilai-nilai demokrasi dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di SMAN 6 Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai demokrasi terintegrasi melalui praktik organisasi siswa yang partisipatif dan kolektif, namun lebih dominan pada tingkat praktis daripada kesadaran reflektif. Integrasi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh peran guru pembimbing, budaya sekolah partisipatif, dukungan kebijakan sekolah, dan peran aktif siswa. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya penguatan reflektif agar kegiatan ekstrakurikuler berfungsi optimal dalam pembentukan disposisi kewarganegaraan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Mawahda, Intan Tiara Kartika, Andi Fahri Faisal, Hadi Yudho Prio Wibowo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Study of Formative Assessment Implementation through Classroom Interactional Competence: Discourse Analysis in English Classes at Lalian Atambua Seminary Senior High School
This qualitative case study investigates the role of teachers’ Classroom Interactional Competence (CIC) in the implementation of formative assessment in English lessons at a senior high school located in Indonesia’s 3T (frontier, outermost, and disadvantaged) region. While previous Indonesian studies have primarily relied on survey and self-report data, little attention has been paid to how formative assessment is enacted through naturally occurring classroom interaction, particularly in marginalised contexts. Using Classroom Discourse Analysis informed by Conversation Analysis principles, two complete lessons taught by one experienced teacher, purposively selected as an information-rich case, to Grade XI students (N = 52) at SMA Seminari Lalian Atambua, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, were audio-recorded and transcribed to capture recurring interactional patterns through detailed, turn-by-turn analysis. Findings reveal that classroom interaction was heavily dominated by the traditional IRF/E pattern, with display questions comprising 23.8% of teacher turns and advanced CIC practices (referential questions, extended wait time, clarification requests, confirmation checks, and scaffolding) accounting for only 8.7%. In 24 identified formative assessment episodes, 83.3% of feedback moves were evaluative or effusive praise that closed sequences without guiding improvement, while scaffolded, suggestive feedback occurred only once (4.2%) yet produced immediate and extended student uptake. The results confirm that, in this severely under-resourced context, limited CIC transforms potentially formative moments into ceremonial, teacher-centred checks, thereby constraining the effectiveness of formative assessment. The study highlights CIC as a critical equity issue in marginalised regions and calls for discourse-focused professional development to enable teachers to create genuine “space for learning” even under significant contextual constraints.
Copyright (c) 2026 Simforianus Mario Bajo, Priscilla Maria Assis Hornay, Yohanes P. F. Erfiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Deixis Analysis in Song Lyrics of Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift
Deixis is an important pragmatic feature in song lyrics because it enables listeners to interpret meaning based on context, perspective, and interpersonal relations between the songwriter and the audience. In linguistic and pragmatic studies, deixis plays a crucial role in constructing narrative voice, emotional expression, and contextual interpretation. Although previous studies have analyzed deixis in various song lyrics, limited attention has been given to how different types of deixis contribute to the expression of internal conflict, identity struggle, and self-reflection in Taylor Swift’s “Anti-Hero”. Therefore, this study aims to identify the types of deixis found in the song lyrics Anti Hero by Taylor Swift and to describe the contextual meaning of those deixis. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method using a pragmatic approach based on Levinson’s (1983) deixis framework. The data source was the official song lyrics obtained from the Genius website and analyzed through systematic identification, classification, and contextual interpretation using an analytical rubric. The findings reveal that the lyrics contain several types of deixis, namely person, temporal, spatial, discourse, and social deixis, each contributing to the construction of meaning within the song. The study concludes that deixis in “Anti-Hero” functions not merely as a grammatical referencing system but as a pragmatic resource that shapes contextual meaning, emotional expression, and self-reflective narrative, allowing listeners to engage with the songwriter’s personal perspective.
Copyright (c) 2026 Manda Ayu Lailiyah, Siti Aisyah, Yudy Prasetyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Translanguaging in Clinical Communication at Khodijah Mother and Child Hospital and Its Implications for English for Specific Purposes Curriculum in Vocational Schools
This study examines translanguaging practices in multilingual clinical communication and explores their implications for English for Specific Purposes (ESP) curriculum development in Indonesian vocational schools. While previous research has addressed translanguaging, healthcare communication, and ESP pedagogy separately, limited attention has been given to how English medical terminology, Indonesian, and local languages operate as an integrated communicative repertoire in authentic clinical workplaces or how such practices inform vocational ESP design. Drawing on sociolinguistic and translanguaging perspectives, this descriptive qualitative case study investigates how healthcare professionals at a maternal and child hospital in East Java strategically mobilize English medical terminology, Indonesian, and Javanese across multiple clinical units. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with six healthcare professionals and analyzed thematically to identify recurrent communicative patterns. The findings demonstrate that translanguaging functions as a systematic, institutionally embedded practice rather than incidental language mixing: English serves as a resource for biomedical precision, Indonesian mediates procedural explanation, and Javanese supports interpersonal and affective alignment, particularly in high-vulnerability contexts. Beyond practical implications for curriculum development, the study contributes theoretically by extending translanguaging scholarship into professional healthcare discourse and by reconceptualizing multilingual competence as a legitimate communicative resource within ESP-oriented vocational education. The study further advances ESP discussions by proposing a translanguaging-informed perspective for vocational English curriculum development grounded in authentic multilingual workplace practices and advancing translanguaging as a framework for professional communication in ESP contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adi Firdaus, Dina Amaliyah Mushthoza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Critical Thinking, Communication Skills, and Self Confidence through Inquiry Based Learning in Secretaryship Courses
This study investigates the effects of inquiry-based learning (IBL) on critical thinking dispositions, communication skills, and self-confidence of vocational English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students in a Secretaryship course at a Faculty of Language Education in Indonesia. A mixed-methods design was employed with 15 students, combining quantitative assessment using the Communication, Teamwork, and Self-Confidence Questionnaire (CTSQ) and qualitative data from students’ reflective journals. The CTSQ measured six dimensions: truth-seeking, open-mindedness, analyticity, systematicity, critical thinking self-confidence, and inquisitiveness. Descriptive statistics showed improvements in all dimensions, with the overall mean increasing from 4.63 to 4.88, indicating a positive impact of IBL on students’ cognitive and affective dispositions. Qualitative analysis revealed three main themes: development of practical professional skills, enhancement of conceptual understanding, and strengthening of soft skills, including communication, collaboration, and self-confidence. Students reported that role-play, scenario-based tasks, and inquiry-oriented activities increased their engagement, allowed them to practice real-world professional interactions, and fostered autonomous learning. Overall, the findings suggest that IBL is an effective pedagogical approach for integrating critical thinking, communication competence, and confidence in vocational EFL education. The study contributes evidence-based guidance for designing learner-centered instruction that bridges theory and professional practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Arief Budiman, Sri Wahyuni, Mohamad Faqih Wisnu, Muhammad Adiyatur Rahman, Muhammad Kharrisma Idhom Kholid, Muhammad Zidnal Abror https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Using Kahoot Based Learning for Reading Excercises at Senior High School Muhammadiyah 4 Porong
Low levels of active participation and learning motivation remain persistent challenges in English language classrooms that rely heavily on lecture-based instruction and textbook-centered practices. Such conventional approaches often create a monotonous learning environment, particularly in reading activities that require sustained attention and cognitive engagement. These conditions call for more interactive and learner-centered strategies that align with students’ digital learning preferences. One potential alternative is Kahoot!, a game-based quiz platform designed to promote competition, enjoyment, and immediate feedback. This article examines the implementation of Kahoot-based learning as an innovative strategy to enhance students’ reading exercises. Reading is a fundamental language skill; however, learners frequently encounter difficulties due to limited motivation and minimal engagement in traditional instructional settings. By integrating Kahoot into reading activities, classroom interaction becomes more dynamic, participatory, and student-centered. The study aims to investigate how Kahoot-based learning supports reading comprehension, vocabulary development, and learning motivation. The research method involves administering reading exercises through Kahoot quizzes and observing students’ responses and performance during the instructional process. The findings indicate that Kahoot-based learning increases active participation, strengthens motivation, and improves comprehension through instant feedback and competitive elements. Moreover, it fosters a positive classroom climate and encourages collaborative learning. Therefore, Kahoot-based learning represents an effective alternative strategy for improving students’ reading skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Santi Ayu Nanda Lestari, Siti Aisyah, Yudy Prasetyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Educational Quality, School Facilities, and Brand Image on Students' School Choice Decisions
This study examines the influence of educational quality, school facilities, and brand image on students’ decisions to enroll at RK Bintang Timur Rantauprapat Private High School. Increasing competition among private secondary schools in the Labuhanbatu region compels institutions to identify and understand the determinants shaping students’ school selection decisions. A quantitative research design with a survey method was employed. The population comprised all Grade 10 students of RK Bintang Timur Rantauprapat Private High School, totaling 146 students. A saturated sampling technique was applied, whereby the entire population served as the research sample. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a Likert scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, including validity and reliability testing, classical assumption testing, and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings reveal that educational quality, school facilities, and brand image each exert a positive and statistically significant partial effect on students’ school choice decisions. Simultaneously, the three independent variables demonstrate a significant collective influence on students’ enrollment decisions. The coefficient of determination indicates that a substantial proportion of variance in students’ decisions is explained by these variables, while the remaining variance is attributable to other factors beyond the research model. These results highlight the strategic importance of improving instructional quality, enhancing facilities, and strengthening institutional branding to attract prospective students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizal L Tambunan, Moh. Bukhori, Tin Agustina Karnawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of the English Language Speech Assistant Speak Application in Improving Students’ Pronunciation
Pronunciation remains one of the most challenging skills for EFL students in Indonesia, particularly at the elementary school level where teachers often lack English expertise and class time is limited. This study examined the effectiveness of the ELSA Speak application as an AI-powered pronunciation learning tool in addressing these challenges. Using a true experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures, the study was conducted at UPT SD Negeri 79 Gresik involving nine sixth-grade students randomly assigned to experimental (n=5) and control (n=4) groups. The experimental group received three treatment sessions using ELSA Speak, while the control group followed conventional instruction. Results revealed a substantial and statistically significant improvement in pronunciation scores in the experimental group compared to the control group (p=0.016), with the experimental group demonstrating a dramatic gain from pre- to post-test (p<0.001). These findings indicate that ELSA Speak's features — particularly its accurate pronunciation modeling and real-time automated feedback — effectively compensate for the constraints of conventional EFL instruction in elementary settings. This study contributes novel evidence for the application of mobile-assisted language learning at the elementary school level in Indonesia, a context previously underexplored in the literature. Practically, integrating ELSA Speak into classroom instruction is recommended as a feasible and impactful strategy to enhance pronunciation learning, provided that device access and internet connectivity are adequately supported.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aurelia Nova Ramadyanti, Esti Kurniasih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Phenomenon of Generation Z's Loss of Appreciation for Original Literary Works: A Phenomenological Study of Adaptations
The transformation of Indonesian literature in the digital era through adaptation shifts Generation Z's appreciation from original text-based works to digital adaptations such as films and podcasts, particularly for prospective literature educators at Raja Ali Haji Maritime University. This qualitative descriptive study using a phenomenological approach aims to describe the phenomenon of loss of appreciation among 10 Generation Z students (class of 2022) of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program through purposive sampling. In-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation were analyzed via phenomenological reduction covering five aspects: aesthetic experience, subjective awareness, transformation of experience, interpretation of meaning, and the creator-audience relationship. The results show that Generation Z appreciates digital adaptations more due to their practicality, visual-audio entertainment, concrete experiences, simple interpretations, and the incompatibility of the packaging of original works with modern technology. In conclusion, adaptation significantly influences Generation Z's aesthetic awareness, recommending a blended digital-traditional pedagogy for the preservation of in-depth literary appreciation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Violla Dwi Tuti Aulia, Abdul Malik, Tessa Dwi Leoni, Legi Elfitra, Asri Lolita, Musliha Musliha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Learning Motivation on Learning Outcomes of Islamic Religious Education on the Material of Living Peacefully in Togetherness of Class V Students in Jantur Village, Muara Muntai
This research is motivated by the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) of fifth-grade elementary school students in Jantur Muara Muntai Village who are still on the material of Living in Peace in Togetherness, suspected to be influenced by learning motivation that needs to be analyzed. The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of learning motivation on PAI learning outcomes. This type of quantitative research with an ex post facto design uses descriptive and inferential methods. The population is 77 fifth-grade students from three elementary schools, a sample of 30 students with proportional random sampling. The instruments in the form of a learning motivation questionnaire (25 Likert scale items) and a learning outcome test (36 multiple-choice questions), were analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression through SPSS 25.0. The results show high learning motivation (mean = 72.65), moderate learning outcomes (mean = 18.77), with a regression equation of Ŷ = 13.492 + 1.257X, p = 0.001 <0.05, and R² = 0.888. The conclusion states that learning motivation has a significant positive effect on PAI learning outcomes, explaining 88.8% of the variability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Norhalizah, Taufik Hidayat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Student Learning Outcomes Through the Inquiry Method on Visual Journal Material in Arts and Culture Subjects in Class X E.9 of SMA Negeri 1 Padang
Student learning outcomes in the visual journal material of the Arts and Culture subject in class X E.9 SMA Negeri 1 Padang are still low due to the teacher-centered approach that limits active student involvement. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the inquiry method to improve student learning outcomes. This type of research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) with the Kemmis and McTaggart model in two cycles. The population and sample consisted of 36 students of class X E.9. Instruments include learning outcome tests, observation sheets, questionnaires, and documentation, analyzed descriptively quantitatively using SPSS and qualitatively through triangulation. The results show an increase in the average value from 74.28 (pretest) to 80.81 (cycle I) and 89.44 (cycle II), with a standard deviation decreasing from 3.62 to 2.47. Observations recorded a significant increase in student activity. The study concluded that the inquiry method is effective in improving learning outcomes and student involvement in visual journal learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitriah Azizah, Fuji Astuti, Andrizal Andrizal, Ardipal Ardipal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Music Arts Teachers' Strategies in Developing Students' Creativity: A Descriptive Study at the UPT of SMP Negeri 3 Lintau Buo Utara
Music arts education plays a strategic role in developing the creativity of junior high school students, but is often hampered by monotonous approaches and limited facilities. This study aims to describe the strategies of music arts teachers in developing student creativity at the UPT SMP Negeri 3 Lintau Buo Utara. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study population consisted of music arts teachers and students in grades VII-VIII, with a purposive sample of one teacher and 6-8 students. Instruments included observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, analyzed through data reduction, narrative presentation, and triangulation. The results show that teachers implemented direct practice strategies (learning by doing), creative exploration, group work, and simple media such as recorders and pianicas, increasing active involvement and student confidence. It was concluded that these strategies were effective in creating conducive learning, although limited to generalizations in the local context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nesya Amalyah, Fuji Astuti, Ardipal Ardipal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of the Naqshbandiyah Order as an Islamic Educational Institution in Riau
Background: Tarekat Naqsabandiyah serves as a vital non-formal Islamic educational institution in Riau, Indonesia, integrating spiritual practices like suluk and dhikr khafi with moral and social formation amid modern challenges. Purpose: This study examines the role of Tarekat Naqsabandiyah as an Islamic educational institution in Riau. Method: Qualitative library research employs a historical-sociological approach. Population and Sample: Population comprises literature on Tarekat Naqsabandiyah in Riau (2000–2025); purposive sampling yields 50 key documents. Instruments and Data Analysis: Documents from Google Scholar undergo descriptive-analytic analysis with thematic coding and triangulation. Results: Findings reveal suluk, halaqah, and khalifah systems foster spiritual-moral character, with adaptations like digital literacy and social services ensuring relevance. Conclusion: Tarekat Naqsabandiyah sustains transformative Islamic education, recommending empirical field studies for future research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Supianto Supianto, Feri Apriansah, Ellya Roza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Postgraduate Students’ Lived Experiences in Extensive English Reading Courses: A Phenomenology Study at One Public University in Jambi
This study explores postgraduate students' lived experiences in the newly introduced Extensive English Reading course at a state university in Jambi as part of the English education curriculum revision. The objective is to understand students' challenges, strategies, and reflections using a qualitative phenomenological approach. The population comprised Master's in English Education students in 2024, with a purposive sample of three second-semester female students. Instruments included semi-structured interviews and reflective journals, analyzed via Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis. Findings revealed three themes: linguistic challenges, workload, and low motivation; cognitive, metacognitive, and social strategies; and positive reflections with greater need for instructor support. The conclusion emphasizes the necessity of accessible texts and active teacher guidance to optimize Extensive Reading implementation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Khairunnisa, Mukhlas Abrar Abrar, Nely Arif Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Transformation of Education from Home to Kuttab: Early Islamic Educational Institutions in the Time of the Prophet PBUH
Islamic education during Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) era evolved from secretive home-based learning in Mecca to structured institutions in Medina amid social-political challenges. This study aims to analyze this transformation from home and Dar al-Arqam to mosque, Suffah, and Kuttab for adaptive modern models. It employs qualitative systematic literature review (SLR) via PRISMA, targeting literature on early Islamic education (1972-2025) from Google Scholar and Scopus; purposive sampling yielded 30 sources until theoretical saturation. Instruments include documentation and content observation, analyzed via Miles-Huberman's reduction-display-conclusion with source triangulation. Findings reveal dynamic shifts: Dar al-Arqam for tauhid foundations, mosques for multifunctional halaqah, Suffah for poor scholars' regeneration, and post-Badr Kuttab for Quranic literacy. In conclusion, this holistic, adaptive model integrates faith, knowledge, and skills, offering curriculum reconstruction for digital disruptions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ruvi Anugerah, Sapuani Muhajir, Ellya Roza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of 3D Animated Video Learning Media for Recognizing Alphabet Letters at the At-Taqwa Playgroup in Pajar Bulan Village, Ogan Ilir Regency
Early childhood education in non-formal playgroups such as At-Taqwa in Pajar Bulan Village, Ogan Ilir Regency, faces challenges in introducing the alphabet due to boring print media even though audiovisual facilities are available, causing low interest in learning and suboptimal literacy development. This study aims to develop valid and practical 3D animated video learning media for introducing the alphabet for early childhood. Using research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation), a population of 41 children with one-to-one (3 children) and small group (10 children) trial samples. Instruments include a Likert Scale expert validation questionnaire, a Guttman Scale practicality questionnaire, interviews, and observations; data analysis using a percentage formula. The results show high validity (average 90.83%: material 90%, media 87.5%, language 95%) and practicality (100% in both trials). In conclusion, the media is effective in increasing interest in learning and mastery of the alphabet, ready to be implemented in PAUD.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dea Kartika Sari, Ardi Saputra, Erna Retna Safitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Profile of Students' Science Process Skills on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Material Assisted by E-LAPD Based on Guided Inquiry in Senior High School
This study addresses the low mastery of science process skills (SPS) of high school students on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions, which is exacerbated by the limitations of conventional E-LAPD in the Industry 4.0 era. It aims to identify the SPS profile of 25 grade XI students purposively sampled from a population of 75 people at Muhammadiyah 4 Sidayu High School, Gresik, through a mixed descriptive approach to the preliminary study design. The instrument includes six reliable SPS test essay questions (Cronbach's Alpha >0.80) measuring observation, classification, prediction, measurement, communication, and conclusion drawing, plus questionnaires and interviews, analyzed using SPSS 26 descriptive statistics, Azwar categorization, and qualitative content analysis. The results show that 60% of students have very low SPS and 40% have low without medium or high achievement, with the percentage of observation indicators (17.13%), classification (16.82%), prediction (16.21%), measurement (17.13%), communication (13.91%), and conclusion drawing (18.81%). In conclusion, conventional E-LAPD fails to facilitate inquiry, so it is necessary to develop guided inquiry-based learning for systematic KPS improvement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Retno Wahyu Setyoningrum, Rusly Hidayah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of AI as a Personalized Correction Tool to Improve Students’ Writing Skill
As education continues to adapt in the digital era, technology plays a central role in supporting learning processes. In EFL instruction, writing remains a challenging skill as many learners are still facing difficulties in producing accurate, coherent, and well-structured texts despite the availability of various technological tools. Responding to this situation, this study aims to utilize AI, specifically ChatGPT as a personalized correction tool to improve the writing skills of ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Kubutambahan. A Classroom Action Research design was conducted in two cycles involving 31 students. Data were gathered through pre-test, post-test I, and post-test II including writing assessments, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. The results showed significant improvement in students’ writing with the mean score increasing from 68 in the pre-test to 79.7 in Cycle I and 82.8 in Cycle II. Students exhibited progress in grammar, vocabulary development, and text organization, alongside positive perceptions toward ChatGPT usage with increasing scores from 4.05 to 4.28. Overall, the study concludes that incorporating ChatGPT as AI-assisted feedback into writing instruction can effectively improve students’ writing skill while supporting autonomy and self-directed learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Luh Mega Aripuspita, Kadek Sintya Dewi, Ni Putu Astiti Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Jigsaw Strategy with Picture as Media Towards Student’s Reading Comprehension of Recount Text at Thent-Grade of Darul Fattah Islamic Boarding School
This research was conducted based on the observation that many students experience difficulties in comprehending recount texts. A quasi-experimental design was employed involving an experimental group taught using the Jigsaw strategy with picture media and a control group taught using conventional methods. The population consisted of tenth-grade students of Darul Fattah Islamic Boarding School, with 40 students selected as the sample. A multiple-choice reading comprehension test was administered as pre-test and post-test, and the data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test. The findings revealed that the experimental group showed significantly better improvement than the control group. The results indicate that the Jigsaw strategy with picture media effectively enhances students’ reading comprehension of recount texts and can be considered an alternative approach in teaching reading.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wirdatul Jannah, Lusi Marleni, Citra Ayu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Educational Games for Enhancing Early Reading Skills among Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Early reading skills are essential for academic learning; however, children with mild intellectual disabilities frequently experience persistent difficulties in decoding simple syllabic word structures such as consonant–vowel–consonant–vowel (CV–CV), which limits their early reading development. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the GEMMAS educational game in improving early reading skills of children with mild intellectual disabilities. The study employed a Single Subject Research approach with an A–B–A design. The participant was a fifth-grade student with mild intellectual disabilities at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. Data were collected through oral and performance tests and analyzed using visual graphical analysis. The results showed an improvement in reading skills from 0% during the baseline phase to a stable level of 60% after the intervention, indicating that the GEMMAS educational game effectively enhances early reading skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Peby Tri Hartati, Tatum Derin, Nisaul Hasanah, Meta Silfia Novembli, Ebnovrio Hanesty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation Indonesia EFL Pre-Service Teachers Classroom Strategies in Teaching English and Student Responses in Thai Schools
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of role-play strategies implemented by Indonesian pre-service EFL teachers and to investigate students’ responses to English learning at Turkeeyah Tunummah School, Southern Thailand. The research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. The participants consisted of 23 students engaged in an English lesson on the topic “My Daily Activity.” Data were collected through student response questionnaires administered before and after the implementation of the role-play strategy and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-samples t-test. The findings revealed a statistically significant improvement in student responses following the implementation of the role-play strategy. The mean score increased from 55.48 at the pretest stage to 92.83 at the posttest stage, with a significance level of p < 0.05. These results indicate that role-play strategies effectively enhance students’ self-confidence, learning motivation, active participation, and speaking skills within a multilingual and multicultural EFL classroom context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Ariska, Pirman Ginting https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Transformation of English Language Learning Through Artificial Intelligence Chatbots: Teacher and Student Perspectives in Central Aceh
This research aims to examine the students’ and teachers’ perspectives in Aceh Tengah regarding the digital transformation of English language learning through Chatbot AI. Descriptive qualitative design was employed and the data gather through semi structure interview with 4 English teachers and 12 senior high school students in Aceh Tengah. The findings indicate that digital technology, including Chatbot AI, has been used as a supporting tool in English language learning, particularly to assist in understanding materials, completing assignments, and expanding students’ knowledge. Students perceive Chatbot AI as beneficial due to its ease of use, speed, and clarity of information, while teachers view it as an additional learning resource that should be used wisely with supervision and verification of information. Nevertheless, the use of Chatbot AI remains limited due to facility constraints, uneven internet access, school policies restricting device usage, and differences in students’ English proficiency levels. The conclusions and recommendations of this study are expected to contribute to policymakers, educators, application developers, and researchers in enhancing understanding of the impact of Chatbot AI on English language learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Widya Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Increasing English as a Foreign Language Students’ Interest in Speaking Through Project-Based Learning in West Jakarta
This study investigates the impact of Project-Based Learning (PBL) on enhancing the interest and speaking proficiency of elementary EFL students. Employing a mixed-methods case study design, the research was conducted with grade four students at Kalam Kudus III Christian Elementary School, Jakarta. Data were gathered through speaking tests, interviews, and questionnaires to evaluate the effectiveness of PBL, identify implementation challenges, and assess student engagement. The findings reveal that: (1) students’ speaking skills significantly improved following the intervention; (2) primary challenges included limited vocabulary and initial difficulties in peer collaboration; and (3) the approach effectively boosted students’ motivation and interest in English communication. Consequently, PBL serves as a viable pedagogical strategy to foster active oral participation in young learners.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sherin Melani Napitupulu, Juhana Juhana, Fachria Y Marasabessy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Learning English Through Cable News Network Channels: A Focus on Speaking in The Listening for Information and Leisure Course
This study investigates students’ perceptions of using CNN news videos to support speaking development in a Listening for Information and Leisure course. Many EFL students experience difficulty improving speaking skills due to limited authentic exposure and listening instruction that emphasizes comprehension rather than production. This research employed a convergent parallel mixed-method design involving 25 second-semester English Education students. Data were collected through a 20-item Likert-scale questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative findings showed mean scores ranging from M = 3.52 to M = 4.20, with 82% of responses categorized as positive (agree and strongly agree), indicating generally favorable perceptions. Students reported improvements in vocabulary, pronunciation, motivation, and speaking confidence. Interview results supported these findings, although challenges such as fast speech rate and unfamiliar vocabulary were identified. Overall, CNN news videos are perceived as effective authentic materials for supporting speaking development in EFL higher education contexts when accompanied by appropriate instructional guidance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuni Hertiwi, Mashuri Djalil, Sukmawati Sadilia, Mochtar Marhum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Video Recording Tasks to Improve Visual Communication Design Students’ Speaking Ability: A Quasi Experimental Study
This quasi-experimental study (pretest–posttest control group design) investigates the effectiveness of a Video Recording Task (VRT) in enhancing the speaking ability of second-semester students in a Visual Communication Design (DKV) program. Sixty participants were assigned to control and experimental groups and received six weeks of instruction. While the control group followed traditional speaking activities, the experimental group engaged in structured VRT-based tasks. Pre- and post-test data were collected to assess gains in fluency, accuracy, pronunciation, and vocabulary. The pre-test and post-test results of the experimental group (n = 30) show improvements across all speaking subskills, with fluency increasing from 22.1 to 27.4 (gain = +5.3), accuracy from 23.2 to 27.1 (gain = +3.9), and pronunciation from 24.2 to 27.9 (gain = +3.7). Quantitative results demonstrate a notable improvement in the experimental group, with measurable gains across all four speaking components and a higher overall achievement score compared to the control group. Additionally, participants in the VRT group reported increased confidence and greater engagement in speaking tasks. These findings indicate that integrating video-based activities into ESP instruction significantly supports learners’ oral performance and contributes to technology-enhanced learning practices. The study highlights the pedagogical value of VRT, particularly within creative disciplines such as DKV, and suggests promising implications for future ESP course design.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tri Wahyuni, Timbul Yuwono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Social Environment on the Understanding of Islam for Class X Students at Madrasah Aliyah Siompu Barat
Understanding of Islamic Religion is often influenced by social interactions that occur between students and their families, schools, peers, and the surrounding community. Asy'arie, emphasized that strengthening Islamic Religious education in the educational environment has a significant impact on improving students' understanding of religious principles, moral values, and social behavior. This study aims to determine how the social environment influences students' understanding of Islamic religion. This study used a quantitative approach, with data analysis techniques, namely Pearson correlation analysis and determination coefficient test. The number of samples in this study was 57 respondents. Data collection techniques used a questionnaire. The results of the study explain that the social environment has a strong relationship with students' understanding of the Islamic religion, with the form of the relationship between these two variables being positive, which means that the higher the social environment, the higher the students' understanding of the Islamic religion. There is a positive and significant influence between the social environment on students' understanding of the Islamic religion. This is seen from the R square value = 0.612. Variable X influences variable Y by 61.2% while the remaining 38.8% is influenced by other factors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Sakina, Darmayanti Darmayanti, Sulasri Sulasri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Modeling Expected Years of Schooling Based on Socioeconomic Factors in Banten Province Using the Gamma Regression Model
Despite rapid economic growth in Banten Province, the disparity in Expected Years of Schooling (HLS) between districts/cities remains significant due to socioeconomic factors. This study aims to analyze the effect of Poverty Percentage, Gender Development Index (IPG), and Beneficiary Families (KPM) on HLS using Gamma Regression. A quantitative approach using secondary data from BPS Banten (2020-2024), the population of all districts/cities (n=42 total sampling observations), was analyzed through GLM R Studio with the link log function. The results show that IPG has a significant positive effect on HLS (p=0.007), while Poverty Percentage and KPM have a non-significant negative effect. The model has a high fit (AIC=79.05, MAPE=3.62%, RMSE=0.581) without heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, or multicollinearity. Gender equality has been shown to be crucial for increasing access to education, although poverty remains a structural barrier.
Copyright (c) 2026 Resti Oktaviani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Designing Adaptive Multimodal Literacy in LMS: Empowering Pre-Service Teachers through Asynchronous Learning Innovation
This study explores the development and implementation of an adaptive multimodal literacy module within a Learning Management System (LMS) to enhance literacy instruction in teacher education. Grounded in evidence-based literacy instruction, multimodal literacy theory, and adaptive learning pedagogy, the module was designed following the ADDIE model and implemented among 60 pre-service English teachers enrolled in a literacy course. Using a research and development design, data were collected through literacy pre- and post-tests, engagement questionnaires, LMS analytics, and reflective discussions. Results revealed a statistically significant improvement in literacy competence (t(59) = 9.67, p < .001, d = 0.92), with notable gains in reading comprehension, vocabulary acquisition, and multimodal text interpretation. LMS data indicated increased engagement, reflected in a 92% completion rate and high mean engagement score (4.36). Qualitative findings further showed enhanced metacognitive awareness and professional reflection, as participants began to conceptualize literacy teaching through multimodal and adaptive perspectives. Despite these achievements, challenges included technical constraints and initial confusion navigating adaptive branches. Overall, the study demonstrates that adaptive multimodal literacy instruction can effectively integrate cognitive, affective, and reflective dimensions of learning in asynchronous environments. The approach not only promotes literacy mastery but also models digital pedagogy for future teachers. Findings provide valuable insights for higher education institutions seeking to design scalable, learner-centered innovations that connect adaptive technology with transformative literacy practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shirly Rizki Kusumaningrum, Radeni Sukma Indra Dewi, Aynin Mashfufah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Code Switching in English Vocabulary Development: A Study of Eleventh Grade Students at SMAN 5 Palu
This study aimed to examine the role of code-switching in the development of English vocabulary among eleventh-grade students at SMAN 5 Palu. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach. The population of this study consisted of all eleventh-grade students, with a sample of 30 students selected based on their involvement in English learning activities that applied code-switching. The data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, including validity testing, reliability testing, normality testing, and mean score analysis. The results of the validity test indicated that most questionnaire items were valid, while the reliability test showed a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.729, indicating that the instrument was reliable. The normality test using the Shapiro–Wilk method showed that the data were normally distributed. The mean score analysis revealed that students had positive perceptions of the use of code-switching in English vocabulary learning, particularly in helping them understand new vocabulary, reduce learning difficulties, and increase their confidence during the learning process. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that code-switching plays a positive role in supporting the English vocabulary development of eleventh-grade students at SMAN 5 Palu.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lala Afila, Jamiluddin Jamiluddin, Andi Patmasari, Mashuri Mashuri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Portrait of Civics Learning Strategies Oriented to National Character at SMA Negeri 1 Kabila
This study aims to photograph the learning strategy of PPKn oriented to national character in SMA Negeri 1 Kabila. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design through in-depth interviews, learning observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study show two main findings. First, the PPKn learning strategy applied is semi-participatory, characterized by the use of discussions and questions and answers that are still dominated by the pedagogical control of teachers. Second, the implementation of learning strategies is supported by teacher commitment and a conducive school climate, but is limited by time constraints, passive student learning culture, and lack of experiential learning. This research emphasizes the need to transform PPKn learning strategies that are more dialogical and contextual to strengthen students' national character in a sustainable manner.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ariyanto Nggilu, Yuli Adhani, Sabrina Nadia, Sanri J. Dotutinggi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dynamics of Forming Multicultural Awareness of Students at SMKN 5 Gorontalo
Multicultural education has a strategic role in forming inclusive attitudes and harmonious social relations in a pluralistic school environment. However, the study of multicultural education has tended to emphasize curricular and cognitive approaches, thus ignoring the role of school social and cultural practices in shaping students' multicultural awareness. This study aims to analyze how school culture shapes students' multicultural awareness and identify challenges in the process of its formation at SMK Negeri 5 Gorontalo. The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that students' multicultural awareness is more predominantly formed through daily social practices based on local wisdom, such as collective work, deliberation, and cross-cultural interaction. However, this awareness is still implicit and faces challenges in the form of a lack of reflection on values, exclusive social relations, and a reduction in multicultural meanings in symbolic practices. This study concludes that strengthening school culture needs to be directed at the development of reflective mechanisms so that students' multicultural awareness develops critically and sustainably
Copyright (c) 2026 Abd. Firman Bunta, Sarina Sarina, Muhammad Arif Wicaksono, Sanri J. Dotutinggi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Flash Card Palindrome to Stimulate Critical Thinking Skills in Aged 5-6 Years
This study was conducted with the aim of developing a flash card palindrome (FCPM) media as a medium to stimulate critical thinking skills in children aged 5-6 years. The background of this study is due to the low level of higher-order thinking skills in early childhood which is still evident from children's passivity when learning, a learning system that is still dominated by teachers, and the learning media used is less varied. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with a 4D model that includes the stages of define, design, develop and disseminate. The subjects of this study consisted of teachers and principals in 3 kindergartens in Tambak Sari Village. In addition, data collection techniques used were interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The results of the feasibility test showed that the media obtained a score of 91% from media experts, 82% from material experts and 92% from teachers with a very good category. Limited implementation showed that children were more active in observing patterns, comparing letters and conveying simple reasons in determining palindrome words. These findings also indicate that FCPM is feasible to use and has the potential to stimulate analytical and reflective thinking skills in early childhood.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dinda Ananta Saputri, Sri Indriani Harianja, Winda Sherly Utami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Existence of Women in the Novel Tuhan Izinkan Aku Menjadi Pelacur by Muhidin Dahlan: A Feminist Analysis
This study examines the existence of women in Muhidin Dahlan’s novel Tuhan, Ijinkan Aku Menjadi Pelacur (God, Let Me Become a Prostitute) using Simone de Beauvoir’s existentialist feminist perspective. The focus of the study is on the representation of female characters within patriarchal power relations, religious ideology, and social pressures that limit their freedom and autonomy. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of female existence portrayed in the novel. The method employed is descriptive qualitative, with data collected through literature review and textual analysis. The analysis is conducted based on Beauvoir’s four strategies of female existence: women as workers, women as intellectuals, women as agents of social transformation, and women who reject otherness. The results indicate that the female characters experience objectification and subordination within the patriarchal system. However, through self-awareness, critical thinking, and reflective actions, they strive to escape these constraints and assert themselves as free subjects. This novel represents women’s struggles to construct their existence and freedom amid social and ideological pressures.
Copyright (c) 2026 Linda Yulistiana, Siti Ulfiyani, Muhajir Muhajir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of E-Student Worksheet based on Guided Discovery of Membrane Transport Materials to Train Integrated Science Process Skills
21st century education requires students to have integrated science process (KPST) skills. This research aims to develop E-LKPD based on guided discovery on membrane transport materials that are valid, practical, and effective in practicing KPST. This study uses a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) and is tested on a limited basis in grade XI students. Data was collected through validation sheets, student response questionnaires, implementation observation sheets, and pre-test and post-test tests. The e-LKPD developed has five main features, namely Bio-Insight, Scilab Explore, Bio-Viz, Veri-Bio, and Bio-Conclusion to train KPST. The results of the study received a score of 97.12% and were included in the very valid category. Observation of activities received a score of 100% with a very practical category and the student response questionnaire obtained a score of 97.64% with a very practical category The learning outcomes of students with an N-gain score of 0.80 included in the high category, and the achievement of KPST indicators with an average score of 37% in the pretest increased to 87% in the posttest, with an N-gain score 0.80 which is included in the high category. Thus, guided discovery-based E-LKPD is declared valid, practical, and effective to train students' integrated science process skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vidyasary Agustiningsih, Sari Kusuma Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Gender Representation in Bilingual Textbook ‘Little Sunshine’
This study investigates gender representation within the ‘Little Sunshine Bilingual Textbook’ (Setyaningrum et al., 2018), specifically examining grammatical equivalence in translating Indonesian pronouns and nouns into English. Employing a qualitative methodology with a naturalistic approach, the research utilizes corpus tools to categorize masculine and feminine terminology across three analytical levels. Findings reveal a significant gender disparity and visibility bias within the text, as male-oriented terms predominantly surpass female equivalents. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates a systematic preference for masculine descriptors when translating the Indonesian gender-neutral third-person singular pronoun. These results underscore the presence of gender discrimination and linguistic asymmetry in bilingual educational materials. The study concludes that such translation choices reflect and reinforce traditional gender hierarchies, necessitating a more balanced approach in pedagogical content.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anis Sulalah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Perception on Using Animated Movies in Speaking Lessons of Seven Graders
This study investigates the perceptions of seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Lembo regarding the use of animated movies in teaching English speaking skills. The research employed a descriptive qualitative design using questionnaires and interviews as data collection methods. The participants were ten seventh-grade students. Results show that students held positive perceptions of using animated movies in speaking lessons. They reported improved motivation, confidence, and comprehension in learning English through visual and contextual media. The study concludes that animated movies can serve as an engaging and effective medium for improving students’ speaking competence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Olva Greizela Sudamara, Mochtar Marhum, Andi Patmasari, Sriati Usman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Existence of Huyula Local Wisdom Values in the Character Education of Students at State Vocational High School 1 Limboto
This study aims to analyze the existence of the value of Huyula in the character education of students at SMK Negeri 1 Limboto and to examine the factors influencing its actualization within school life. Huyula is a local wisdom value of the Gorontalo community, referring to cooperation, mutual assistance, and social solidarity grounded in a spirit of togetherness and collective responsibility in communal life. The study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, utilizing interviews, observations, and student perception questionnaires as data collection techniques. The findings indicate that the value of Huyula continues to exist in students’ social practices, manifested through collective work and mutual support; however, it has not yet been internalized as a reflective character consciousness. The actualization of this value is constrained by structural, pedagogical, and cultural factors. This study underscores the importance of systematically and reflectively strengthening character education based on local wisdom, so that the value of Huyula can transform into a sustainable and deeply rooted character disposition.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zulfikar Adjie, Rasid Yunus, Asmun W. Wantu, Nurul Mawahda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Topic Shift Used by Host in The David Rubenstein Show
In talk shows, the host's management of conversation topics plays a very important role in improving the quality of communication. However, research on topic management in talk shows is still limited because most previous studies have focused on other aspects of talk shows. To fill this gap, this study aims to identify the topic shifts used by hosts in talk shows based on the typology of topic shifts proposed by Crow (1983). The research data was taken from a YouTube video titled “The David Rubenstein Show: Maria Sharapova,” which was then analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results show that the host used all types of topic shifts with a total of 35 utterances, and the most frequently used were topic initiation and topic shading. Therefore, this study reinforces that hosts in talk shows have a major influence on the flow of interaction through the use of topic shifts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naila Hana Salsabila, Alief Noor Farida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Enhancing English Speaking Skills in English as a Foreign Language Classes
Speaking proficiency remains a persistent challenge in Indonesian EFL higher education, where students often demonstrate adequate linguistic knowledge but limited confidence and high speaking anxiety in oral communication. Although Virtual Reality (VR) has been widely discussed as an innovative tool in language learning, empirical evidence examining its effectiveness in improving both speaking performance and affective factors in Indonesian university contexts remains limited. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures to examine the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in improving speaking skills among second-ssemester EFL students at the Islamic University of Riau. The study involved administering assessments before and after the intervention, without a separate control group, allowing measurement of changes attributable to VR-assisted instruction. The findings indicate that the use of VR contributed to positive developments in students’ speaking abilities and learning motivation. Quantitative data showed improvements in several key areas, while qualitative feedback highlighted increased motivation and engagement. The research outputs include empirical evidence supporting the integration of VR in EFL speaking classes, comparative assessment data, and the development of an instructional model for VR-based activities. These results are aligned with recent studies and the original research objectives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitri Wulandari, Akhmad Suyono, Cyintia Kumalasari, Nunuk Suryanti, Rahmad Al Fajri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Round Robin Strategy Towards Students Reading Comprehension at Class X Darul Fatah Islamic Boarding School
This study aims to investigate the effect of the Round Robin strategy on students’ reading comprehension at Class X of Darul Fatah Islamic Boarding School. Reading comprehension is a fundamental skill in English learning, as it enables students to understand written texts, identify important information, and construct meaning from various sources. This research employed a quasi-experimental design involving two groups: an experimental class and a control class. The experimental class was taught using the Round Robin strategy as a cooperative learning model, while the control class was taught using a conventional reading aloud strategy. The participants consisted of 59 tenth-grade students selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests in the form of multiple-choice questions covering five indicators of reading comprehension: identifying main ideas, identifying specific information, understanding word meaning, identifying references, and making inferences. The results of the study showed that the Round Robin strategy had a significant positive effect on students’ reading comprehension. The mean post-test score of the experimental class (80.44) was higher than that of the control class (74.52). Furthermore, the independent sample t-test revealed a significance value of 0.017, which is lower than the significance level of 0.05, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. These findings suggest that the Round Robin strategy effectively enhances students’ reading comprehension by promoting active participation, cooperative learning, and critical thinking during the learning process
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Padila, Lusi Marleni, Citra Ayu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Refusal Strategies Employed by Senior High School English Teachers in Adonara Timur: A Pragmatic Study
Refusal is a complex pragmatic act that often entails face-threatening consequences, requiring speakers to balance clarity, politeness, and interpersonal harmony. This study examines the refusal strategies employed by senior high school English teachers in Adonara Timur when responding to requests outside the classroom context. Using a qualitative research design and content analysis, data were collected from 13 teachers through a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) consisting of ten situational scenarios. The responses were analyzed using Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss-Weltz’s (1990) taxonomy of refusal strategies. Findings show that indirect refusal strategies—such as providing explanations, expressing regret, offering alternatives, and citing external circumstances—were the most frequently used. Teachers also consistently employed adjuncts, including expressions of gratitude, appreciation, and apologies, to mitigate the force of their refusals and maintain positive interpersonal relationships. Direct refusal strategies appeared less frequently and were mostly used in situations involving institutional rules or established agreements, particularly in interactions with students. Overall, the study highlights the teachers’ strong orientation toward politeness, relational harmony, and context-sensitive communication. These findings contribute to understanding the pragmatic competence of English teachers in Indonesian educational settings and offer insights for integrating pragmatic awareness into language teaching materials and professional development programs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elvis Albertus Bin Toni, Agnes Muda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Compound Words in News about the Sumatra Flood Survivors Battle Mud,Trauma
This study examines the use of compound words in English-language news reports reporting on the conditions of flood survivors in Sumatra, particularly in describing their struggles with mud, environmental damage, and post-disaster psychological trauma. The purpose of this study is to identify the structural forms, classification types, and semantic functions of compound words used in journalistic discourse on natural disasters. The data source is online news articles from international media published after the floods in Sumatra. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a morphological approach, based on the theory of compounding and media discourse analysis as developed in recent linguistic studies (Brown & Lee, 2025; Ahmed, 2025). Data were collected through text observation techniques and systematic recording, then analyzed by grouping compound words based on their formation patterns, such as noun + noun, adjective + noun, and verb + noun, and interpreting their meaning in the context of the news. The results of the analysis show that compound words have a strategic role in conveying information efficiently and expressively, especially to represent the physical and psychological impacts of disasters, for example flood survivors, mud-damaged houses, and post-disaster stress. In addition to functioning informatively, compound words also strengthen the emotional and persuasive dimensions of news texts, thereby helping readers build a deeper understanding of the conditions of the victims. This study is expected to enrich the study of morphology and media discourse analysis, as well as become a reference for researchers and language learners
Copyright (c) 2026 Arjun Firmansyah, Putri Valentina, Rohmatin Indriyani, Eny Maulita Purnama Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Phonological Accent Features in Anne-Marie’s and Ariana Grande’s YouTube Interviews: A Descriptive Study
Accent variation is an important aspect of spoken English, yet descriptive studies of phonological features in spontaneous media interviews remain limited. This study aims to describe the phonological accent features found in the vowels and consonants produced by Anne-Marie (British English) and Ariana Grande (American English) in YouTube interviews. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method using International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcription to analyze pronunciation patterns in spontaneous speech. The data consist of two interview segments: one interview of Anne-Marie (2 minutes 16 seconds) and one interview of Ariana Grande (3 minutes 39 seconds). The findings show that Anne-Marie demonstrates British English features such as /ɒ/ vowels, non-rhoticity, stable /ɪ/ realization, and T-glottalization. In contrast, Ariana Grande displays American English features including /ɑː/ vowels, stable /ɪ/ realization, and rhotic pronunciation. These patterns illustrate how phonological accent features systematically reflect speakers’ linguistic identity in natural communication contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lintang Fajar Aidhawardini, Yudy Prasetyo, Yuliyanto Sabat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementing English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in a Multi-Major Vocational Context: A Qualitative Case Study of Software Engineering and Electrical Installation Programs
English for Specific Purposes (ESP), defined by Hutchinson and Waters (1987) as a goal oriented approach that tailors language instruction to learners’ specific professional needs, occupies a central place in vocational education in Indonesia. Current policies such as the Merdeka Curriculum and Ministerial Decree No. 244/M/2024 emphasize that English instruction in vocational high schools must prepare students for the linguistic demands of their respective fields rather than for general communication alone. However, existing studies primarily investigate ESP within a single vocational major and focus on needs analysis or material development, leaving limited understanding of how teachers implement ESP simultaneously across different departments with distinct technical discourses under one curriculum framework. This study aims to examine how ESP materials are implemented in two majors, Software Engineering (RPL) and Electrical Installation Engineering (TITL), at SMK Teknologi Mandiri in Garut, West Java. A qualitative descriptive design was employed through four classroom observations and semi structured interviews with two experienced English teachers. The findings reveal four consistent implementation strategies: technical vocabulary introduction, genre contextualization of national curriculum text types, authentic material use, and vocational task simulation. The study also identifies three major challenges, namely limited instructional time, demands on teachers’ technical knowledge, and varied student proficiency levels. The findings suggest that effective ESP implementation in a multi major vocational context depends on interdisciplinary collaboration and adaptive material development to align curriculum requirements with workplace communication needs, thereby strengthening students’ readiness for Field Work Practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jihan Hanapiah, Setia Muljanto, Pipih Setiawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Students' Critical Thinking through Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mixed Mathematics Learning on Ecosystem Materials
Critical thinking skills are an important competency in the 21st century that still needs to be improved in biology learning, especially in ecosystem materials. This study aims to analyze the influence of the STEM-based Blended Learning model on the critical thinking skills of high school students on ecosystem materials. The study used a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study were 36 students of class X of SMA Negeri 1 Bangilan. The BL-STEM model is applied through offline and online learning with a STEM approach, including Science in the form of understanding ecosystem concepts, Technology using Virtual Lab digital simulations (ecology lab learner), Engineering challenges engineering ecosystem balance, and Mathematics through data collection, graph analysis, and population change tables. The results showed an increase in the average critical thinking skill of 15.75 points, from 74.78 in the pretest to 90.53 in the posttest, and the increase was statistically significant and the N-Gain was 0.66 in the medium category. This increase was supported by the implementation of BL-STEM learning which reached 99.5% according to the LKPD and a very positive student response of 94.4%. Critical thinking skills are measured based on six indicators, namely interpretation, analysis, inference, explanation, evaluation, and self-regulation. These indicators are measured through students' ability to interpret and analyze data from simulations, identify cause-and-effect relationships between ecosystem components, draw conclusions about population change, evaluate ecological factors, and reflect on the thought process in solving ecosystem problems. Thus, BL-STEM learning is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills in high school ecosystem materials.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurdiana Imelda Rohmawati, Muji Sri Prastiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Private Teachers in Enhancing Qur’an Literacy (Reading and Writing) of Grade V Students at SD Negeri 30 Baubau
This study aims to describe the role of private tutors in improving students’ ability in Al-Qur’an reading and writing (Qur’anic Literacy) among fifth-grade students at SDN 30 Baubau. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach. The participants consisted of 23 fifth-grade students selected through total sampling, and 3 private tutors of Qur’anic Literacy chosen using purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings show that SDN 30 Baubau is located in a strategic area and accommodates students from diverse religious backgrounds. Students’ abilities in Qur’anic Literacy vary. Private tutors play an important role in improving these abilities by applying individualized approaches and varied teaching methods, which contribute to positive outcomes in both cognitive and affective aspects.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ummi Salwah Saiman, Maudin Maudin, Rusli Rusli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tutors’ Paradox on ChatGPT Assistance in English as a Foreign Language Distance Learning Environments
Distance learning has been one way to provide accessible education across Indonesia's vast geographical area and dense population. However, the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly ChatGPT with its free access, may have disrupted the reciprocal learning process between the tutor as an online lecturer and the students. This research involved 42 active tutors from the English Education Department at Universitas Terbuka (UT), the only open and distance learning university in Indonesia. With more than 650.000 students, the university relies heavily on online tutorials (Tuton), in which student-tutor interaction has been significantly influenced by the presence of ChatGPT. By gathering data through open and closed-ended questionnaires and analyzing it using a mixed-methods approach, the study revealed a contrast in perspectives among tutors, which the researchers refer to as a ‘paradox of perspective’. This condition presents with the fact that the tutors were struggling to identify the AI used, even though they seemed to show they could adjust to the situation. They also questioning the authenticity of students work yet unable to detect the ChatGPT intervention. The finding might imply an urge for a distance learning institution like UT to address the issue. There are two major recommendations from the tutor by having a guideline for ChatGPT usage by the students and training for the tutor in dealing with the AI disruption.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Hadianti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Branding Riau University as an International Education Destination for Foreign Students
The globalization of higher education has intensified competition, compelling universities to develop strong international brands. Universitas Riau (UNRI), with its strategic location and distinctive Malay cultural identity, possesses significant potential to attract foreign students but currently lacks a structured and integrated branding strategy. This research addresses the problem of UNRI's underdeveloped international brand by analyzing the successful strategies of comparable institutions. The objectives are to (1) analyze the international student recruitment strategies of BINUS University, Universitas Andalas (UNAND), and the Indonesian Institute of the Arts (ISI) Padangpanjang; (2) incorporate stakeholder perspectives from the Malaysian Consulate; and (3) formulate a comprehensive branding model for UNRI. This study employs a qualitative, multi-case design conducted in October 2025. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants and document analysis at each institution. The findings show that successful strategies vary: BINUS emphasizes service excellence and exchange programs, UNAND adopts aggressive scholarship schemes and digital promotion, while ISI Padangpanjang capitalizes on its cultural and arts niche. The Malaysian Consulate highlighted the appeal of Islamic values and scholarship opportunities. The study concludes that UNRI should adopt an “Integrated Niche-Excellence Branding” model by leveraging its unique Malay culture, supported by competitive scholarships, simplified administration, and excellent student services, to position itself as a leading international education destination in ASEAN.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sukamarriko Andrikasmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Translanguaging Practices in Indonesia’s Teaching Practice Program: Strategies and Pedagogical Functions at Junior High School
Translanguaging enables educators and learners to adapt in the learning process of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) by utilizing their entire linguistic repertoire. This qualitative case study aims to analyze the use of translanguaging focusing on strategies and pedagogical function by three pre-service teachers during their teaching practice (PPL) in junior high schools. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and video observations, which were then analyzed using qualitative case study analysis. The results show that teachers often use various languages such as Indonesia and Javanese, semiotics resources also used to encourage learning. Another strategy that found is the use of simple translation (translative) method and complex translating (interwoven) method. In addition, there are pedagogical functions of translanguaging that include class management, improving student understanding and participation, explaining concepts of the material and instructions. These results show the importance of translanguaging practices by pre-service teachers to improve and strengthen student learning in the EFL context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vionita Iken Restiana, Zulfa Sakhiyya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Language Styles in the Main Characters’ Utterances in Bride Wars (2009) Based on Martin Joos’ Five-Style Framework
This study analyzes the differences in linguistic style in Bride Wars (2009) using Martin Joos' (1967) Five Styles of Speech as a guide. The study employs a descriptive qualitative design to examine 45 curated statements from the film through the documentation method. There were five types of information: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. This was done according to Joos' rules for language. Some of these are the level of formality in the conversation, the words used, the way feedback is given, and how close the people are to each other. The results show that the most common style is casual (40%), then consultative (22.22%), intimate (20%), formal (13.33%), and frozen (4.44%). The results show that changes in the film's style are mostly due to changes in emotions and relationships, not changes in the institution's hierarchy. You can be sarcastic and fight in a casual way, but you can also show that you're friends and close. Being formal doesn't mean you're in charge; it means you're not close to someone. People still talk to each other at work the same way. In scenes of reconciliation, the intimate style is very clear, which shows that things are back to normal between the two people. People don't use frozen style very often, and when they do, it's only in formal settings. The research shows that language style is a dynamic continuum and a useful sociolinguistic tool for figuring out where you fit in film discourse.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mieyrandha, Olga Dona Retsi, Tutik Haryani, Laura Meylinda Maharani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gender Equality in Education: Analysis of Global Education Policy and Its Implementation in Indonesia
This research aims to analyze the influence of global policies on gender equality on the formulation and implementation of education policies in Indonesia. Using a thematic narrative review approach, this study synthesizes academic literature, global policy documents, and national implementation reports to trace the relationship between international frameworks such as SDG 4.5 and UNESCO guidelines with gender-responsive policies at the national level and practices in schools. The analysis results show that although global policies have influenced the direction of national regulations, implementation at the school level is still uneven and does not fully reflect the principle of structural equality. Gaps exist in cultural aspects, teacher capacity, monitoring mechanisms, and the policy adaptation process. This research makes a theoretical contribution to the development of policy transfer studies in gender education and offers a conceptual model that can be used for further research and more effective policy formulation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ihin Solihin, M. Erihadiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Islamic Religious Education Pattern of the Urgency of Healthy Food for Students at State Elementary School 14 South Pontianak
This study aims to describe the pattern of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in instilling the urgency of healthy food consumption in students at SD Negeri 14 South Pontianak. Islamic religious education at the elementary school level not only focuses on the formation of moral and religious character, but also integrates health values through the concept of halalan thayyiban as part of Islamic teachings. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data was obtained through observation of the PAI learning process, interviews with PAI teachers and students, and documentation of various school habituation programs. The results of the study show that PAI teachers apply an integrative learning pattern through strengthening material on halal food, thayyib, and eating manners in Islam. Teachers combine interactive lecture methods, discussions, examples, and habituation through the Healthy Canteen program, appeals to bring nutritious provisions, and supervision of snack consumption in the school environment. Students show an increased understanding of the characteristics of healthy food and begin to implement more selective eating behaviors. This study concludes that the pattern of PAI in SD Negeri 14 South Pontianak contributes significantly to fostering students' awareness of the importance of healthy food, both from a religious and physical health perspective, thereby supporting the formation of healthy character and lifestyle from elementary school age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fathul Khair https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Islamic Religious Education Efforts for Narcotics Addicts at the Rumah Rahayu Rehabilitation Foundation
This study aims to analyze the efforts of Islamic Religious Education in fostering and rehabilitating clients of narcotics addicts at the Rumah Rahayu Rehabilitation Foundation in Pontianak City. The problem of narcotics abuse not only impacts the physical and psychological aspects, but also results in spiritual and moral crises in individuals. Therefore, a religious approach, especially through Islamic Religious Education, is important in the process of recovery and reformation of a person of faith and piety. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data was collected through observations, interviews with Foundation administrators, counselors who also served as spiritual advisors and rehabilitation clients, and documentation of religious activities carried out in rehabilitation facilities. Data analysis was carried out inducively to describe the form and results of the implementation of Islamic religious education for narcotics addict clients. The results of the study show that the implementation of Islamic Religious Education at the Rumah Rahayu Rehabilitation Foundation includes congregational prayer activities 5 (five) times, routine recitation every Friday night, praying together before meals, memorizing short surah for those who can afford it. The activity was led by a counselor who doubled as a spiritual guide. These activities have been proven to help clients in fostering spiritual awareness, a sense of responsibility towards themselves, and motivation to abandon drug abuse behaviors. In conclusion, Islamic Religious Education has a significant role in the rehabilitation process of narcotics addicts, especially in reshaping the religious, moral, and social values of clients. The support of counselors and a conducive environment is an important factor in the success of the foundation's religious development program.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fathul Khair, Tri Aan Agustiansyah, Asep Nugraha Kusdiana, Maya Masita Ratri, Yuli Hidayati, Lucky Prisandy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Pragmatic of Speech Acts in Pope Francis Speech Entitled Faith and Freedom
Analyzing public speeches requires an understanding of how language expresses both explicit and implicit meaning. Few studies have looked at how speech acts in political and religious contexts interact within a single discourse, while many have looked at these two domains independently. The speech transcript was analyzed and divided into five illocutionary categories using a qualitative descriptive method based on Austin and Searle's Speech Act Theory. The findings reveal that Assertive/Representative behaviors predominate, demonstrating Pope Francis's focus on expressing religious beliefs, factual assertions, and moral argumentation. Additionally, he exhibits expressive, commissive, and directive activities, which demonstrate his attempts to foster group responsibility, commit to future actions, and establish emotional ties. There were no declarative acts discovered. Overall, the study comes to the conclusion that Pope Francis skillfully blends social advocacy and moral persuasion through sensible pragmatic decisions, enhancing the influence of his message on current international concerns.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Lailatus Syahrul Ula Putri Soidah, Endah Alamsari Andayani, Lailatul Musyarofah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Comic Strip as Learning Media to Teach English Writing Skills in Vocational High School
This study developed a comic strip learning media using the Research and Development (R&D) type. The subjects of this study were one English teacher at SMK Islam 1 Bitar, validator, and class X TKJ students. The types of data used in this study were qualitative data from classroom observation and interviews with teacher and quantitative from questionnaires given to validators and students. The results of the instrument validation obtained 85,71%. The results of the material validation obtained a value of 95% and media validation obtained 97,5%. It can be concluded that the results of the comic strip media validation obtained the criteria of "very valid". The results of the product trial obtained a value of 86.55% from students on the criteria of "very feasible". It can be concluded that students are satisfied with the development of this comic strip learning media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rica Fatimatuz Zahrok, Siti Rofi'ah, Istina Atul Makrifah Atul Makrifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Correlation Between Students’ Emotional Intelligence and Public Speaking Performance at State Senior High School 1 Mungka
Emotional factors are often considered crucial in influencing students’ success in English speaking activities, particularly in public speaking contexts. Emotional intelligence plays an important role in supporting students’ confidence and effectiveness in public speaking activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between students’ emotional intelligence and their public speaking performance in English presentations. This research employed a quantitative correlational design involving 25 twelfth-grade students at SMAN 1 Mungka who were selected using total sampling. Data were collected through an emotional intelligence questionnaire and documentation of students’ public speaking performance scores. The questionnaire was validated using Aiken’s V through expert judgment and demonstrated acceptable reliability based on Cronbach’s Alpha. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis with the help of SPSS. The findings revealed that students generally showed a good level of emotional intelligence and moderate public speaking performance. The correlation analysis indicated a very strong and significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and public speaking performance (r = 0.956, p < 0.01). These results suggest that emotional intelligence contributes to students’ success in delivering English presentations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Firdaus Firdaus, Irwandi Irwandi, Eliza Eliza, Loli Safitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence Generated Summaries as Digital Scaffolds to Support Learners’ Discourse Level Comprehension of Complex Texts in an Indonesian Senior High School
Discourse-level comprehension is essential for academic literacy, as it enables students to follow arguments across paragraphs, evaluate evidence, and engage in critical reading. In Indonesian EFL classrooms, many senior high school students struggle not only with vocabulary but also with constructing coherent understanding from complex texts. Difficulties in tracking references, connecting ideas, and recognizing rhetorical organization often limit deeper comprehension. This qualitative case study was conducted in a Grade XI class at a private urban senior high school in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. While classroom activities involved the whole class, eight students were purposively selected for think-aloud protocols and focus group discussions to allow in-depth analysis. Data were collected through observations, think-aloud sessions, discussions, and learning artifacts, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings show that ChatGPT-generated summaries functioned as digital scaffolds, helping students clarify key relationships and verify understanding against the source text, thereby supporting more deliberate and evidence-based reading.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rayval Mustafa, Yanuarius Yanu Dharmawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Simile in Leila S. Chudori's Pulang and Its English Version Home: An Analysis of Translation & Meaning Preservation
This study analyzes the translation of similes in Pulang (2012) by Leila S. Chudori and their counterparts in Home (2015) by John H. McGlynn. Indonesian literature is increasingly exported globally, and similes play a key role in enriching imagery, emotions, and cultural nuances. However, they also pose cross-linguistic challenges due to cultural differences between the source and target languages. This study has three aims: to identify similes in Pulang, to analyze translation procedures using Newmark's (1988) framework, and to evaluate meaning preservation through reader responses. A descriptive qualitative method was applied. The population consisted of 35 similes in Pulang, and a purposive sample of explicit similes — marked by conjunctions such as seperti and like — was selected. Data were collected through close reading, identification, classification, and reader response questionnaires distributed to three respondents. Analysis used descriptive frequency-percentage calculation. The results show that the most dominant procedure was reproducing the same image (20 out of 35 similes; 57.14%). Regarding meaning preservation, 60% of similes were fully preserved, 31.43% were partially preserved, and 8.57% were not preserved. Overall, the translation successfully maintained the stylistic essence of the source text. However, cultural adaptation occasionally weakened the original nuance. It is therefore suggested that translators prioritize the original imagery to improve translation accuracy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Linda Rahmawati, Esriaty Sega Kendenan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Dola Artificial Intelligence as a Learning Tool to Improve Students’ English Speaking Skills
In the era of globalization, English speaking skills are essential for young learners to communicate effectively and access broader knowledge resources. However, in non-formal English courses, speaking practice opportunities are often scarce, resulting in low confidence, mispronunciation, and minimal vocabulary mastery, and few studies have examined the use of AI-based tools in such settings for elementary students. This study aims to investigate the implementation of DOLA AI in improving students' speaking skills at Tekume English Course Semampir Kraksaan. A qualitative descriptive case study was employed, involving fifteen students and one tutor, with data collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The findings indicate that DOLA AI created an interactive and supportive learning environment, increased students' motivation and participation, and improved pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, and confidence. It can be concluded that DOLA AI is an effective tool for enhancing elementary students' speaking competence in a non-formal context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Isabella, Feri Ferdiyanto, Zainuddin Zainuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
This article examines the dynamics of the village governance system in Indonesia within the context of decentralization following the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages. Although numerous studies have discussed village autonomy, fiscal decentralization, and Village Fund management, existing literature tends to focus on fragmented aspects such as financial accountability or leadership, without providing a comprehensive synthesis of institutional structure, authority distribution, participatory governance, and implementation challenges within a unified analytical framework. Therefore, this literature review is necessary to bridge this gap by offering an integrative analysis of how regulatory frameworks, institutional capacity, and socio-political dynamics interact in shaping village governance outcomes. Utilizing a qualitative literature study approach, this article analyzes legal documents, academic publications, and empirical research findings related to village governance. The findings indicate that while villages are normatively granted broad authority and increased fiscal resources, implementation remains constrained by weak administrative capacity, limited community participation, and persistent elite dominance. However, innovative practices such as administrative digitalization and transparency initiatives demonstrate significant potential when supported by strong leadership and institutional reform. This study concludes that strengthening village governance requires a holistic strategy that integrates regulatory refinement, differentiated institutional capacity development, participatory oversight mechanisms, and sustainable community empowerment..
Copyright (c) 2026 Rian Ismi Wardana, Aldri Frinaldi, Lince Magriasti, Hendra Naldi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Transformational Leadership of School Principals on the Performance of Junior High School Teachers in North Panajem Paser Regency
Principal leadership is widely recognized as a crucial factor in determining the quality of teacher performance in schools. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between leadership styles and teacher performance; however, empirical evidence in developing regions and newly transforming areas remains limited. In particular, there is still a lack of empirical studies investigating transformational leadership in schools located in regions undergoing rapid socio-educational transformation, such as Penajam Paser Utara Regency in East Kalimantan, which serves as a buffer area for Indonesia’s new capital city (IKN). This study aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership of school principals on the performance of junior high school teachers in Penajam Paser Utara Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach with a causal ex post facto design. The sample consisted of 253 teachers selected through stratified cluster random sampling from a population of 520 teachers. Data were collected using a four-point Likert-scale questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, and were analyzed using simple linear regression with SPSS version 22. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, with a significance value below 0.05. These findings suggest that the more effectively principals implement transformational leadership practices, the higher the level of teacher performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Endang Sri Rahayu, Ainur Rifqi, Mohammad Syahidul Haq, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Self-Discipline and Peer Environment on the Academic Achievement of Junior High School Students in Sepaku District
The aim of this study is to empirically analyze the influence of self-discipline and peer environment on the academic achievement of junior high school students in Sepaku District, both partially and simultaneously, within the framework of integrating internal and external factors of adolescent development. A quantitative approach with an explanatory research design was used to test the influence of self-discipline and peer environment on students’ academic achievement through inferential statistical analysis. The study population consisted of 1,125 students, with a sample of 137 students determined using the Slovin formula at an 8% error rate. Data were collected through questionnaires, documentation, and observation, and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that self-discipline has a positive and significant effect on the academic achievement of junior high school students in Sepaku District. Students’ ability to manage time, obey rules, and maintain consistency in learning plays an important role in improving academic performance. Conversely, the peer environment has a negative and significant effect, indicating that less supportive social interactions can reduce students’ focus, commitment, and learning outcomes. Simultaneously, these two variables contribute 52.0% to the variation in academic achievement, suggesting that learning success is influenced by the synergy of internal and external factors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Zainul Khalim, Ima Widiyanah, Muhamad Sholeh, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transforming Vocational School and Industry Partnerships from Administrative to Managerial Practices: A Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling Multi-Site Study
Many partnerships between vocational high schools (SMK) and industry (DUDI) remain limited to formal administrative arrangements such as Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs), without effective managerial governance. As a result, these collaborations often have limited impact on graduate employability. This study analyzes how managerial functions—planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling (POAC)—shape the effectiveness and sustainability of school–industry partnerships in Indonesia and proposes an adaptive partnership management model. This research employed a qualitative comparative multi-site design involving two private vocational schools in Mojokerto, Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 27 key informants, supported by alumni data (n=87), participatory observations, and document analysis. Data validity was ensured through source and methodological triangulation. The findings reveal two partnership archetypes: (1) the Gradual Collaborative Model, characterized by value-based planning, formal structures, and institutionalized governance; and (2) the Adaptive Operational Model, which demonstrates strong operational flexibility but limited strategic documentation. Based on these findings, the study proposes an Adaptive-Strategic Partnership Model that integrates POAC managerial functions, collaborative governance principles, and outcome-based evaluation within a dynamic partnership cycle. The novelty of this research lies in reconceptualizing classical management theory in the context of inter-organizational educational partnerships and proposing a tiered DUDI engagement typology as a strategic instrument for strengthening vocational education governance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tjipto Suharsoyo, Amrozi Khamidi, Nunuk Hariyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Principal Supervision, Principal's Pedagogic Competence, and Principal's Welfare on the Performance of State Junior High School Teachers in North Penajam Paser Regency
This study aims to examine the influence of principal supervision, principals’ pedagogical competence, and principals’ welfare on teacher performance in public junior high schools in Penajam Paser Utara Regency. A quantitative approach with an ex post facto causal design was applied. The population consisted of 447 teachers, and a sample of 212 teachers was selected using the Slovin formula with a 5% margin of error. Data were collected through structured questionnaires using a four-point Likert scale. Instrument validity was tested using Pearson Product Moment correlation, while reliability was measured using Cronbach’s Alpha. Data analysis employed multiple linear regression with SPSS version 22, following classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. The findings indicate that principal supervision, principals’ pedagogical competence, and principals’ welfare each have a significant effect on teacher performance. Partially, principal supervision improves teachers’ professional performance through systematic and continuous academic guidance. Principals’ pedagogical competence also has a positive impact by strengthening instructional leadership and enhancing effective teaching practices. Additionally, principals’ welfare contributes positively by fostering a stable and supportive organizational climate. Simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly affect teacher performance (F = 220.970, p < 0.05), demonstrating that the combination of supervision, competence, and welfare plays a crucial role in improving teacher performance. These results suggest that enhancing teacher performance requires an integrated approach that combines effective supervision, strong pedagogical leadership, and adequate welfare conditions. Strengthening these factors is essential to support sustainable improvements in the quality of education in public junior high schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Isa Sugiarti, Ayu Wulandari, Ainur Rifqi, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Particularized Conversational Implicature in Mikayla Nogueira's TikTok Beauty Endorsements
Influencer marketing has become a major form of promotion in the beauty industry, especially on short-video platforms such as TikTok. In these endorsements, influencers often communicate product evaluation indirectly rather than through explicit advertising language. However, studies that examine how pragmatic mechanisms, particularly conversational implicature, operate in influencer discourse remain limited. This gap is significant given that implicature plays a central role in how meaning is conveyed indirectly, making it especially relevant in digital endorsement contexts where promotional intent is often embedded in seemingly casual speech. This study aims to analyze the use of conversational implicature in TikTok beauty endorsement videos by Mikayla Nogueira. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, fifteen videos posted between 2021 and 2025 were selected through criterion-based sampling and transcribed for analysis based on Grice’s theory of conversational implicature, encompassing both generalized and particularized types. The findings show that implicature appears through three main patterns: indirect evaluation through sensory and result-oriented expressions, personal experience as implicit product endorsement, and conversational framing that creates recommendations without direct claims. The results indicate that persuasion in beauty endorsements often relies on audience inference rather than explicit promotional statements, highlighting the role of shared knowledge within the beauty discourse community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ghina Rahma, Andang Saehu, Erfan Muhamad Fauzi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Perceptions of English as the Medium of Instruction in Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers Classes
English as the Medium of Instruction (EMI) has been widely implemented in higher education as part of internationalization efforts; however, its pedagogical role in BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing) classrooms remains underexplored. Most previous studies on BIPA primarily focus on instructional materials and linguistic achievement, leaving limited attention to how EMI functions in actual classroom practice and how learners perceive its use. This study investigates students’ perceptions of EMI in Level 1 BIPA listening and speaking classes at a university in Surabaya. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with 13 foreign students and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that students generally perceive EMI as helpful for improving comprehension, confidence, and classroom engagement, particularly at the beginner level, while still emphasizing the importance of Indonesian immersion for developing communicative competence. The study concludes that EMI can function effectively as instructional scaffolding to support beginner learners when applied strategically and progressively reduced as proficiency increases.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devi Suci Rahmawati, Wiwiet Eva Savitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Communication and Resources on the Implementation of Deep Learning Policy in Penajam District Elementary School
This study aims to analyze the influence of communication and resources on the implementation of in-depth learning policies in elementary schools in Penajam District. Previous studies on educational policy implementation have generally emphasized structural and administrative factors; however, limited research has specifically examined how communication processes and resource availability jointly influence the implementation of in-depth learning policies at the elementary school level, particularly in regional contexts. This gap highlights the need for empirical investigation into the role of these factors in supporting effective policy implementation in schools. The study used a quantitative approach with an associative (correlational) design to statistically test the relationship and influence between variables. The study population consisted of all 289 public elementary school teachers in Penajam District who implemented in-depth learning. The research sample consisted of 168 teachers determined using a probability sampling technique with the Slovin formula at a 5% error rate. Data collection was carried out through a survey method using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing using t-tests, F-tests, and coefficients of determination. The results showed that communication and resources had a positive and significant influence on the implementation of in-depth learning policies. Partially, communication had the most dominant influence with a beta coefficient value of 0.631, while resources had a positive influence with a beta coefficient value of 0.184. Simultaneously, both variables had a significant influence with a calculated F value of 65.102 and a significance level of 0.000. The coefficient of determination of 43.4% indicates that communication and resources partially explain the variation in the implementation of immersive learning policies in elementary schools. This finding underscores the importance of effective policy communication and adequate resource support in enhancing the success of immersive learning implementation in elementary schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iis Purwanty Badru, Mufarrihul Hazin, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Digital Behavior and Professional Learning Community on the Professionalism of Elementary School Teachers in North Penajam Paser District
A quantitative approach with a causal design was used in this study to analyze the influence of Digital Behavior and Professional Learning Community on the Professionalism of Elementary School Teachers in Penajam Paser Utara Regency in the 2025/2026 academic year. The independent variables were defined as Digital Behavior (X1) and Professional Learning Community (X2), while the dependent variable was defined as Teacher Professionalism (Y). The study population consisted of 520 public elementary school teachers spread across four sub-districts. The sample was determined using the Slovin formula at a 7% error rate, resulting in 147 respondents and then rounded to 150 teachers to increase accuracy. The sampling technique was proportional random sampling. Data were collected using a five-level Likert-scale closed questionnaire. All instruments were tested for validity and reliability before use. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 through classical assumption tests (normality and linearity) and multiple linear regression. Hypothesis testing was carried out at a significance level of 0.05 and strengthened by the coefficient of determination (R²). The results of the study show that partially and simultaneously, Digital Behavior and Professional Learning Community have a positive and significant influence on Teacher Professionalism. These findings imply that strengthening teachers’ digital competencies and fostering collaborative professional learning communities within schools are essential strategies to enhance teacher professionalism and improve the quality of elementary education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Harisah Harisah, Karwanto Karwanto, Syunu Trihantoyo, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Academic Supervision and Sustainable Professional Development on the Professional Competence of Junior High School Teachers in North Penajam Paser District
This study aims to analyze the influence of Academic Supervision (X1) and Continuous Professional Development (X2) on the Professional Competence of Junior High School Teachers (Y) in Penajam Paser Utara Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The sample consisted of 234 junior high school teachers selected proportionally from the research population. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale to measure the variables of Academic Supervision, Continuous Professional Development, and Professional Competence. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of a statistical program. The results indicate that partially Academic Supervision (X1) has a positive and significant effect on Professional Competence (Y) with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). Continuous Professional Development (X2) also shows a positive and significant effect on Professional Competence (Y) with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). Simultaneously, Academic Supervision (X1) and Continuous Professional Development (X2) significantly influence Professional Competence (Y), as indicated by an F value of 15.364 with a significance level of 0.000. The coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.117 indicates that 11.7% of the variance in teachers’ professional competence (Y) can be explained by Academic Supervision (X1) and Continuous Professional Development (X2), while the remaining 88.3% is influenced by other factors outside the research model.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sitti Sohrah, Nunuk Hariyati, Ayu Wulandari, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of the Spiritual Leadership Style of the Principal and the Organizational Climate on the Psychological Welfare of State Elementary School Teachers in North Penajam Paser Regency
This study aims to empirically analyze the influence of the principal's spiritual leadership style and organizational climate on the psychological well-being of elementary school teachers in Penajam Paser Utara Regency in the context of transformation towards the Capital City of the Archipelago. The approach used is quantitative with an associative causal type Explanatory Survey design. The study population was 1,128 teachers, with a sample of 296 respondents determined using the Slovin formula and Stratified Random Sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a 4-point Likert Scale, then analyzed by multiple linear regression through SPSS, including classical assumption tests, partial tests, simultaneous tests, and coefficients of determination. The results showed that spiritual leadership style had a positive and significant effect on teachers' psychological well-being (β = 0.786; p < 0.05), as did organizational climate (β = 0.681; p < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables had a significant effect with an F value of 156.761 (p < 0.05). An R-square value of 0.515 indicates that 51.5% of the variation in teacher psychological well-being can be explained by these two variables. This finding underscores the importance of value-oriented leadership and a conducive work climate in improving teacher psychological well-being amidst the dynamics of regional change.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suryadi Suryadi, Erny Roesminingsih, Ima Widiyanah, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Teacher Pedagogic Competence and School Organizational Culture on Teacher Performance in Elementary Schools in the North Penajam Paser Cluster, East Kalimantan
This study aims to analyze the influence of teachers’ pedagogical competence and school organizational culture on teacher performance in elementary schools within the Penajam Paser Utara cluster, East Kalimantan. The research employed a quantitative approach using an ex post facto design. The population consisted of 106 elementary school teachers, with a sample of 84 respondents determined using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires to teachers who served as research respondents. The collected data were then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The results of the study indicate that teachers’ pedagogical competence has a significant effect on teacher performance with a t-value of 2.463. School organizational culture also shows an influence on teacher performance with a t-value of 0.597. Furthermore, simultaneously, teachers’ pedagogical competence and school organizational culture have a significant effect on teacher performance with an F-value of 6.082 and a significance level of 0.003. These findings suggest that improving teacher performance can be achieved through strengthening teachers’ pedagogical competence and developing a supportive, collaborative, and conducive school organizational culture that promotes effective learning processes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elly Cindrayani, Muhammad Sholeh, Karwanto Karwanto, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Managerial Workload and Welfare Level on the Performance of School Principals in North Penajam Paser Regency
The performance of school principals plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of school management and the overall quality of education. Principals are required to carry out various managerial responsibilities while also maintaining professional performance under different organizational conditions. However, the increasing managerial workload and the level of welfare received by principals are often considered factors that may influence their performance in managing schools effectively. This study aims to empirically analyze the influence of managerial workload and welfare level on the performance of public and private elementary school principals in North Penajam Paser Regency, both partially and simultaneously. The study used a quantitative approach with an ex post facto causal design. The study population consisted of 109 principals, and all were sampled through a saturated sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using a five-level Likert-scale questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and coefficients of determination. The results showed that managerial workload had a positive and significant effect on principal performance with a significance value of 0.001 and a beta coefficient of 0.212. The welfare level also had a positive and significant effect with a significance value of 0.000 and a beta coefficient of 0.739 and was the most dominant variable. Simultaneously, both variables contributed 83.6% to the variation in principal performance. These findings indicate that improving principal performance requires strengthening managerial capacity as well as implementing policies that continuously enhance the welfare of school principals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Munasih Munasih, Kaniati Amalia, Mufarrihul Hazin, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of School Principals' Strategic Leadership, Supervisory Supervision, and Education Roadmap Policies on Teacher Performance in the Core Government Area of the Nusantara Capital City
Teacher performance plays a crucial role in determining the quality of educational outcomes, as teachers are the primary actors in implementing the learning process in schools. In the context of educational reform and the development of the Indonesian Capital City (IKN), strengthening teacher performance becomes increasingly important to ensure the effectiveness of educational policies and learning quality in strategic national areas. Several factors are considered to influence teacher performance, including the principal's strategic leadership, supervisory supervision, and the implementation of educational roadmap policies that guide the direction of educational development. This study aims to analyze the influence of the principal's strategic leadership, supervisory supervision, and educational roadmap policy on teacher performance in the Core Government Area of the Indonesian Capital City. The study used a quantitative approach with a causal ex post facto design. The study population was 135 teachers with a sample of 100 respondents determined using the Slovin formula and proportional random sampling technique. The research instrument was a closed questionnaire with a four-level Likert scale that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 22. The results showed that partially the principal's strategic leadership, supervisory supervision, and educational roadmap policy each had a significant effect on teacher performance. Simultaneously, the three independent variables also had a significant effect on teacher performance with a coefficient of determination of 59.7%, indicating that variations in teacher performance can be explained by these three variables, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the research model.
Copyright (c) 2026 Obi Sandi, Nuphanudin Nuphanudin, Syunu Trihantoyo, Amrozi Khamidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Application of the Quizizz Assisted Discovery Learning Model to Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Grade III Students of SD Negeri 001 Bonai Darussalam
Mathematics learning in elementary schools has an important role in building understanding of concepts, but classroom practice still tends to be teacher-centered, so student learning outcomes are low. This research aims to improve Mathematics learning outcomes through the application of the Quizizz-assisted Discovery Learning model in grade III students of SD Negeri 001 Bonai Darussalam. The research used the Kemmis and McTaggart model of Classroom Action Research which was carried out in two cycles involving 23 students. Data was collected through learning outcome tests and observation of learning activities, then analyzed in a quantitative descriptive manner. The results showed an increase in the average score from 61 (35% completeness) in the pre-cycle to 76 (70%) in the first cycle and 93 (100%) in the second cycle. It was concluded that the integration of Discovery Learning and interactive digital evaluation was effective in improving students' understanding of concepts and learning engagement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aisyah, Elvina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
English Pronunciation Problems among Indonesian Students of English as a Foreign Language at University Level: A Descriptive Analysis
English pronunciation plays a crucial role in oral communication, particularly in EFL contexts where intelligibility determines communicative success. However, despite years of instruction, many Indonesian university students continue to experience difficulties in producing accurate English sounds. This study aims to analyze English pronunciation problems faced by fifth semester Indonesian EFL university students at Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka. A descriptive quantitative design was employed involving thirty students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a pronunciation test in the form of word list and sentence reading tasks and analyzed using frequency and percentage. The findings reveal that vowel-related errors were the most dominant, particularly in distinguishing long and short vowels, followed by consonant errors such as interdental fricatives and consonant cluster simplification. These difficulties are mainly influenced by first language interference and phonological differences between Bahasa Indonesia and English. The study highlights the need for explicit and systematic pronunciation instruction to improve students’ spoken intelligibility.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bimas Reskiawan, Rais Abin, Nasmah Riyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Phenomenological Study of International Students’ Adaptation to Cultural Diversity
In an era of increasing global student mobility, understanding cross-cultural adaptation is essential to ensure international students’ academic success, psychological well-being, and social integration. However, limited studies specifically explore Indonesian students’ lived experiences in short-term credit transfer programs within Southeast Asian contexts. This study investigates Indonesian students in the International Credit Transfer (ICT) program and their cross-cultural adaptation to cultural diversity in the Philippines. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that adaptation is a gradual process influenced by personal communication, host and ethnic interactions, environmental factors, and individual predispositions. Although students initially experienced language anxiety and low confidence, continuous English exposure, buddy systems, and inclusive campus environments facilitated academic and social adjustment. Ethnic networks provided emotional support while enabling integration with the host culture. The study highlights the importance of institutional support and individual readiness in promoting successful cross-cultural adaptation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maulina Maulina, Rahmat Nasruullah, Tasman S https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Korean Pop Variety Show Effect: English as a Foreign Language Learners’ Perception of Using Going Seventeen English Subtitles for Vocabulary Learning
K-Pop variety shows have gained global popularity through the use of English subtitles, enabling them to reach a broader international audience. Some English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners utilize these shows to enhance their English skills by watching popular K-Pop variety programs such as Going Seventeen. This study investigates EFL students’ perceptions of using English subtitles in Going Seventeen for vocabulary acquisition. The participants were Indonesian students who are fans of Seventeen (Carats) and regularly watch Going Seventeen with English subtitles. Data were collected through an online questionnaire focusing on perceived benefits, real-life effects, and challenges. The findings indicate that most participants perceived the use of English subtitles positively, with all questionnaire items receiving responses above 40%. The results suggest that English subtitles in Going Seventeen facilitate vocabulary learning by making content easier to understand, enjoyable, and motivating. Nevertheless, some participants reported difficulties in maintaining focus on subtitles while learning vocabulary. Overall, the study highlights the potential of K-Pop variety shows as an effective and engaging resource for vocabulary learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nayla Faradilla Kusumah, Devinta Puspita Ratri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teaching Vocabulary Using Digital Storytelling: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Vocabulary mastery is essential in English language learning because it supports students’ ability to understand and express ideas effectively. However, students often experience difficulties in mastering past-tense verbs due to the continued use of conventional teaching methods that emphasize memorization. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of digital storytelling in teaching past-tense verbs to tenth-grade students at SMAN 3 Bengkayang. Using a quasi-experimental design, the participants consisted of two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 24 students. The data were collected through parallel 30-item cloze tests administered before and after the treatment and were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that the experimental group demonstrated a significant improvement in vocabulary mastery, while the control group showed no significant increase. It can be concluded that digital storytelling is an effective instructional medium for improving students’ mastery of past-tense verbs in EFL classrooms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Handari Pratiwi, Eusabinus Bunau, Eni Rosnija https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Routine Recitation Activities on Students’ Ability in Reading and Writing the Qur’an at State Junior High School 7 Buton Tengah
The difficulties that students often experience in studying the Al-Qur'an, especially in class VIII E, became the impetus for conducting this research. Students at SMP Negeri 7 Buton Tengah have problems in terms of encouraging them to read the Al-Qur'an, feeling lazy, lacking self-confidence and accuracy in recognizing makhraj and tajwid. With regular Koran activities carried out every Wednesday or Friday, one way to make it easier for students to study the Koran, from the Iqro level to the Al-Qur'an level, is to use the talaqqi (musyafahah), talqin technique, and tikrar techniques. With this method, students read directly in front of the teacher, and the teacher immediately corrects if there are mistakes in makharj or tajwid and the teacher uses (talaqqi), even the teacher reads it first then the students imitate it (talqin), then the teacher reads the verses of the Koran again and the students imitate it (tikrar). The aim of this research is to ensure that students' reading is in accordance with correct Tajweed rules and good reading standards. This study uses a qualitative approach to understand and measure students' Quranic reading and writing abilities. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation as research instruments in addition to purposive sampling techniques (purposeful samples). The research findings show that class VIII E uses talaqqi, talqin, and tikrar techniques. From cycle I, when the average score was 65,80, to cycle II when the average score was 89,09, included in the very good category, students' understanding of Quranic reading and writing abilities has increased over the past year.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ani Pratiwi, Madi Madi, Basri Basri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Development of Civics Curriculum in Indonesia: A Review of Policy and Practice
In Indonesia, curriculum development has been very dynamic over time. The purpose of this study is to determine the development of the Civics (PPKn) curriculum in Indonesia, from the 1947 lesson plan to the most recent, the 2020 Independent Learning curriculum. The research method used was library research. The research findings demonstrate that Indonesia has experienced highly dynamic curriculum development since the early days of independence, starting with the 1947 Lesson Plan Curriculum, the 1952 Detailed Lesson Plan Curriculum, the 1964 Education Plan Curriculum, the 1968 Curriculum, the 1975 Curriculum, the 1984 Curriculum, the 1994 Curriculum and the 1999 Curriculum Supplement, the 2004 Curriculum, the 2006 Curriculum, the 2013 Curriculum, and most recently, the 2020 Independent Learning Curriculum. Regarding Civics (PPKn), normatively, there has been quite dynamic development in nomenclature. Prior to the current nomenclature, PPKn was previously known by various nomenclatures, such as Civics, National Citizenship Education, Pancasila Moral Education (PMP), Citizenship Education, and then Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn).
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Fahruddin, Rahmat, Sri Wahyuni Tanshzil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Recontextualizing Situational Crisis Communication Theory for Ethnicity, Religion, Race, and Intergroup Relations-Sensitive Crisis Communication in Indonesia through the Case of "Muhammad-Maria"
This study recontextualizes Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) to better explain crises involving ethnicity, religion, race, and intergroup relations (SARA) in Indonesia through the case of Holywings’ “Muhammad–Maria” promotion in 2022. Using a qualitative design that combines an integrative literature review and an intrinsic case study, the research develops the Culturalized SCCT Model for SARA-Based Crises (CSM–SARA). Empirical data were collected through desk research from multiple sources, including mainstream media reports (such as CNN Indonesia, Detik, Kompas, and Suara.com), official statements from Holywings, government and police announcements, legal documents related to regulatory actions, and Holywings’ social media posts. The data were analyzed using template analysis based on six categories in the proposed model. The findings show that SARA-related crises extend beyond reputational threats and begin with sacred-value violations that trigger moral outrage, strong attributions of responsibility, and government intervention. These dynamics highlight the importance of culturally grounded crisis responses and the restoration of social legitimacy. The CSM–SARA model extends SCCT by providing a framework better suited to religiously and culturally plural societies such as Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ghevira Mikyal Azzahra, Yohannes Don Bosco Doho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
English Major Students’ Perceptions of Ethical Use of ChatGPT in Academic Learning
The integration of artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT has increasingly influenced academic learning in higher education. While previous studies highlight ChatGPT's usefulness in supporting students’ academic tasks, limited research has examined students’ ethical awareness when using AI tools in academic contexts. This study aims to investigate English major students’ perceptions of the ethical use of ChatGPT in academic learning. A descriptive quantitative design was employed using a questionnaire distributed to 23 English major students. The data were analyzed using percentages and mean scores to examine students’ perceptions of ChatGPT’s usefulness, ease of use, and ethical considerations. The findings indicate that students generally perceive ChatGPT as a helpful learning tool that supports idea, comprehension of academic materials, and task completion. However, students also demonstrate awareness of the importance of verifying AI-generated information and maintaining originality. The study concludes that ChatGPT can support academic learning when used responsibly and ethically.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Anjas Anggita, Zulfa Sakhiyya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tiktok as a Language Learning Media: Investigating Students’ Motivational Factors to Learn English at Tadulako University
This study examines students' motivation to use TikTok as a language-learning medium and explores how the quality of TikTok content influences their motivation to learn English. The focus is on intrinsic motivations such as enjoyment, curiosity, and personal interest, as well as extrinsic motivations such as academic goals, career preparation, and social recognition. A qualitative research design was chosen, comprising interviews with three students in the English Language Teaching program at Tadulako University. The results showed that the participants used TikTok because of its short, engaging, and interactive video format, which made learning more entertaining and less formal. Intrinsically, they experienced increased interest and satisfaction when engaging with creative English content. Extrinsically, they were motivated by the desire to improve their language skills, achieve academic success, and prepare for a future career as an English teacher. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the quality of TikTok content significantly influenced students' motivation. Clear, concise, and well-structured learning content promotes understanding and confidence, while content that was overly entertainment-oriented or unclear can reduce learning effectiveness. Overall, the study concluded that TikTok could serve as a supportive learning medium when students intentionally selected high-quality educational content to support their language learning goals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marsandah Marsandah, Budi Budi, Maghfira Maghfira, Mochtar Marhum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating Problem-Based Learning in Improving Speaking Skills of Seventh Grade Students at Bala Keselamatan Christian Junior High School Palu
This study examines the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in enhancing the speaking abilities of seventh-grade students at SMP Kristen BK Palu. It focuses on common challenges experienced by Indonesian EFL learners, particularly in terms of fluency, accuracy, and comprehensibility in oral communication. The research applied a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control group pre-test–post-test design. The population included all seventh-grade students in the 2025/2026 academic year, with two existing classes selected as samples: Class 7A as the experimental group and Class 7B as the control group. The experimental group was taught using the PBL approach, while the control group received conventional teacher-centered instruction. Data were gathered through speaking tests conducted before and after the treatment period. Students’ performances were assessed using an analytical rubric measuring fluency, accuracy, and comprehensibility. The findings revealed a significant improvement in the experimental group’s speaking scores, which increased from a mean of 4.50 in the pre-test to 10.60 in the post-test. Meanwhile, the control group showed no notable progress, maintaining a mean score of 4.65. The independent sample t-test yielded a calculated value of 14.55, exceeding the critical value of 2.005 at a 0.05 significance level (df = 54). These results indicate a statistically significant difference between the groups, confirming the positive impact of PBL. Overall, the study suggests that PBL fosters interactive, collaborative learning, promotes active engagement, and improves students’ confidence in speaking English.
Copyright (c) 2026 Willda Angelica Latuasan, Abd Kamaruddin, Maf’ulah Maf’ulah, Nadrun Nadrun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Speaking Activities through the Role-Play Strategy in an English as a Foreign Language Course for Junior High School Students
Speaking is an important ability in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education because it allows students to communicate in real-world circumstances. However, many classrooms continue to emphasize grammatical knowledge above communicative practice. This circumstance causes a disconnect between communicative language education concepts and classroom execution. Previous research has demonstrated that role-playing can help students enhance their speaking skills, confidence, and drive. Nonetheless, there has been little research on how role-playing is administered and what types of role-play activities are employed in classroom practice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the implementation of speaking activities using the role-play technique, as well as to identify the various types of role-play activities employed in a junior high school EFL course. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Data were gathered using classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The participants included fourteen junior high school students and one English teacher in an English course at SMP Darul Fawaid Ilmiyah. The data were examined with an interactive qualitative analysis model. The data indicate that role-play activities are carried out in stages, including explanation, modelling, pair discussion, performance, and feedback. Different activities, such as daily discussion and situational talks, promote meaningful contact. The study reveals that role-playing is an excellent way to improve expressive speaking practice in EFL classrooms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizkiana Intan Devi Maghfiroh, Feri Ferdiyanto, Zainuddin Zainuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Picture Series on Students’ Narrative Writing at Course and English Club Kampoeng Pare Mataram
This study aims to investigate the effect of using Picture Series on the narrative writing skills of EFL learners at CEC Kampoeng Pare Mataram. It employed a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design involving fifteen junior high school students. Students’ writing ability was measured using a narrative writing test assessed through an analytic scoring rubric adapted from Brown (2007), covering content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ writing performance, with mean scores increasing from 56.73 to 75.67. A paired sample t-test confirmed that the improvement was statistically significant (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that Picture Series effectively enhances idea development and narrative coherence. Therefore, this study provides empirical support for the use of Picture Series as an effective medium in teaching narrative writing in EFL contexts, particularly in non-formal educational settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indra Atriyana saputra, Ilham Ilham, Asbah Asbah, Ilham Ilham https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Learning Activities in the 11th Grade English Textbook Based on Bloom's Taxonomy
Bloom's Taxonomy plays a very important role in textbooks because it provides a framework for students' thinking, from low to high levels. The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent to which Bloom's Taxonomy between LOTS and HOTS is applied in the learning activities of the SPLASH: Smart Path to Learning English textbook in the field of technology for the Merdeka Curriculum for Grade XI SMK/MAK, published by Erlangga. This study uses a qualitative content analysis approach. The primary data source is the questions in the activity of the grade 11 vocational school English textbook. The results of this study show that the highest percentage of Units 1 to 6 is low cognitive level (LOTS), and the skills that are high in cognitive level (HOTS) are writing and visual representation, where the activities carried out are making a project and presenting the task result.
Copyright (c) 2026 Martiyas Pertiwi, Tauricha Astiyandha, Ellis Tamela https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Educational Role of Teachers in Strengthening Students’ Digital Ethics Character at MI Irsyadul Islamiyah Bagan Batu
The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly impacted students’ behavior, especially in their use of digital media in educational settings. Despite this, there is a gap in understanding the specific role of teachers in fostering ethical and responsible digital behavior. This study aims to explore the role of teachers in strengthening students’ digital ethics at MI Irsyadul Islamiyah Bagan, identifying implementation strategies and challenges. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were gathered through observations, interviews, and documentation. Findings reveal that teachers serve as educators, mentors, and role models, guiding students through values, exemplary behavior, positive habits, and effective communication with parents. However, challenges include varying digital readiness among students, exposure to inappropriate content, and the lack of comprehensive school policies. This study highlights the crucial role of teachers in ensuring students' digital competence and ethical behavior in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sutan Oloan Ritonga, Ahmad Hafizon, Siti Holiza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Public Relations Strategy of Perumda Tirta Pakuan in Utilizing Instagram to Improve the Company's Image
Public relations plays a strategic role in shaping a positive corporate image through transparent, responsive, and trust-based communication. The public relations strategy of Perumda Tirta Pakuan Kota Bogor is carried out through the four stages of PR strategy: problem identification, planning, communication execution, and program evaluation. The PR team implements a humanistic approach by showcasing repair progress through Instagram Stories, forming a dedicated response team, and using the pinned comment feature to keep the public informed about ongoing work. Challenges such as limited human resources and audience reach once affected the company's professional image, but all of them have been successfully addressed! Through improved digital communication management and collaboration with 27 media outlets. Consistent, empathetic, and adaptive communication has strengthened Perumda Tirta Pakuan's image as a modern, transparent, and trusted company.
Copyright (c) 2026 Deswita Zahra Andriani, Leonard Dharmawan, Siska Mulyawaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Perception towards the Use of Grammarly for Academic Writin: A Systematic Literature Review
Dependency on AI tools in academic has increases, Grammarly become one of the most frequent application to support students' writing processes. Most previous literature reviews have emphasized Grammarly's technical benefits in improving grammar and writing skills, along with pros and cons, while giving limited attention to students’ experiences and attitudes. This study addresses that deficiency by focus on analyzing students’ perceptions of Grammarly, both positive and negative. A systematic literature review collected relevant studies, and thematic analysis identified common themes. The results indicate that students generally view Grammarly positively due to its accessibility and usefulness in improving writing quality and skills. However, limitations such as the need for a stable internet connection, restricted features, and high subscription fees reduce its acceptance. This study offers valuable insights for educators and developers to enhance the educational relevance and effectiveness of AI writing tools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Melda Melda, Urai Salam, Surmiyati Surmiyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing a Learning Evaluation Tool Based on the Gimkit Application on Economic Systems to Improve Student Learning Outcomes
This study aims to develop a learning evaluation tool using the GimKit application on economic system material in Economics for grade X-6 and to analyze its feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes. Learning evaluation in schools is still dominated by the use of Student Worksheets (LKS), which tend to be monotonous, less interactive, and less optimal in measuring higher-order thinking skills. This condition contributes to low student learning outcomes and indicates the need for innovation in digital-based evaluation tools. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D development model consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The subjects of this study were grade X students at SMAN 19 Surabaya. Data collection techniques included expert validation from material and media experts, practicality questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and pretest–posttest tests to measure cognitive learning outcomes. The results show that the GimKit-based evaluation tool is very feasible according to expert validation, practical to use in learning activities, and effective in improving student learning outcomes, as indicated by the increase in posttest scores compared to pretest scores. Therefore, the GimKit-based evaluation tool can be used as an innovative, interactive, and effective alternative for learning evaluation on economic system material.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Humaisaroh, Retno Mustika Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0